andrews 21 sailboat

Key elements of this design are great light air performance, simplicity of set up and operation, rugged construction to increase damage tolerance and design for low maintenance. http://sailboatdata.com/viewrecord.asp?class_id=5373

Andrews 21 Review Written by Kimball Livingston as first published in Sail Magazine.

Adapted from a successful youth match-racing design, every feature of the Andrews 21 is keyed toward teaching and training. I sailed the boat in a mild breeze in Newport Harbor, California, its native waters, and it delivered what I expected. The boat was lively, but tractable, and comfortable in every way, whether it be from an emotional perspective—she looks contemporary and aggressive—to physically finding my place in the cockpit. This is a dandy little sailboat anyone can enjoy. It is also very much in the moment for 2014 as a fast-but-stable, small keelboat.

In terms of design, the boat’s deep-slung lead bulb and powerful hull form add up to tremendous stability. For a student’s first-time experience of dynamic balance, this can be a great confidence builder. There is also more than enough performance potential for the Andrews 21 to hold the attention of youngsters coming out of speed-thrill dinghies.

The helm was fingertip light, and the boat tracked nicely on all points of sail, with weather-helm-to-taste varying easily through a full range of adjustments—another important teaching tool. I can’t imagine a better platform for demonstrating how to steer with the sails.

In the cockpit, every working element was positioned optimally. “Talented” people like me can always turn a day of sailing into a spaghetti feed, but the Andrews 21 does as much as any design can possibly do to look after the organizationally challenged, encourage learning and making a good sailing teacher look great.

The angels are in the details. The boom is high—you’d have to be more than slightly careless to get whacked—and the cockpit, at 10 feet long, is large enough to accommodate four students with an instructor working from either the companionway or the transom. The rudderstock is also thoughtfully positioned to leave standing room aft for a teacher.

There are two Harken winches on the cabintop—not because the boat really has to have them, but so students can learn how to load and use a winch—and for those in search of a little extra reassurance, the Andrews 21 is built with positive flotation. I don’t know if the production folks at W.D. Schock get to use the word “unsinkable,” but an instructor could, and probably would in good conscience. Fleet administrators and club officers will be glad to hear that the hand-laid composite hull is solid, not cored, for impact resistance and ease of repair. The use of vinylester resin will help fight against water absorption and blisters.

The deck-stepped mast is built from a proprietary Schock extrusion and rigged for simplicity, but with all the controls for trim, sail shape, backstay adjustment and reefing—that is to say, all the fundamentals of operating a sailboat. For a different level of teaching—to keep race-oriented sailors engaged, for example—there are options for a fixed sprit and asymmetric spinnaker.  In terms of power, designer Alan Andrews says, “We can adjust the rig profile to suit specific local conditions. It’s easier to adapt a light-air performer to heavy air than vice-versa.” Do your home waters typically have 9-knot winds? No problem. An 18-knot peak sea-breeze? Also not a problem.

Nervous (or merely cautious) school managers will probably pad the corners with the optional bow and quarter fenders, which our test boat lacked. Putting the boat through its paces, though, I wondered: What could possibly go wrong? Still, as we closed in on the dock, I decided discretion was the better part of valor and handed the tiller to Andrews. “Alan,” I said. “You can take her in.”

© 2022 Spinnaker-Sailing San Francisco. All Rights Reserved.

Contact: Walter Johnson (949) 421-8006 Mobile, [email protected] at the W.D. Schock Corp . regarding the Andrews 21. Alan Andrews Yacht Design, Inc. began in 1979 and has specialized in creating performance racing and cruising sailing yachts for 35 years. The design team's basic design philosophy incorporates high performance sailing characteristics with solid state-of-the-art engineering.

The Andrews design office uses state-of the-art CAD systems to generate hull shapes and produce working drawings and patterns. Velocity prediction programs and rating projections are accomplished with in house programs and consultants provide CFD appendage and FEA structural analysis. In addition to designing and sailing on his successful racers, Alan serves as a board of directors member and is Chairman of the Technical Committee for Transpacific Yacht Club and has served on the US IMS Committee.

ANDREWS GC21 (GOVERNOR´S CUP)

Eleven of these boats were built by Bravura Yachts (starting in late 2002). Some of the best sailors in the world come to Newport each year to compete the the ‘Gov Cup’. The one being offered at Tiller and Kites is #3 (built in March 2003). She is exactly as built and raced and includes the original Gov Cup sails. A Pettit ‘Black Widow’ antifoul bottom was added in 2017. If you are looking for a truly exceptional sailboat (with an AZ PHRF of 140) you certainly should consider this GC21. Arizona registered, launch trailer (with plates and title) and ready to sail and race .

• Condition: Excellent
• Length Overall (LOA): 21
• Make / Manufacturer: Andrews/Bravura
• Model Name / Number: Governor’s Cup 21
• Propulsion Type: Sail
• Year Manufactured: 2003

Tiller And Kites is a International Yacht Training accredited school based in Phoenix AZ. T&K boats are known for their distinctive shocking pink hulls. The IYT courses offered are designed specifically for sailing in the desert Southwest.

The Unique Burial of a Child of Early Scythian Time at the Cemetery of Saryg-Bulun (Tuva)

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Pages:  379-406

In 1988, the Tuvan Archaeological Expedition (led by M. E. Kilunovskaya and V. A. Semenov) discovered a unique burial of the early Iron Age at Saryg-Bulun in Central Tuva. There are two burial mounds of the Aldy-Bel culture dated by 7th century BC. Within the barrows, which adjoined one another, forming a figure-of-eight, there were discovered 7 burials, from which a representative collection of artifacts was recovered. Burial 5 was the most unique, it was found in a coffin made of a larch trunk, with a tightly closed lid. Due to the preservative properties of larch and lack of air access, the coffin contained a well-preserved mummy of a child with an accompanying set of grave goods. The interred individual retained the skin on his face and had a leather headdress painted with red pigment and a coat, sewn from jerboa fur. The coat was belted with a leather belt with bronze ornaments and buckles. Besides that, a leather quiver with arrows with the shafts decorated with painted ornaments, fully preserved battle pick and a bow were buried in the coffin. Unexpectedly, the full-genomic analysis, showed that the individual was female. This fact opens a new aspect in the study of the social history of the Scythian society and perhaps brings us back to the myth of the Amazons, discussed by Herodotus. Of course, this discovery is unique in its preservation for the Scythian culture of Tuva and requires careful study and conservation.

Keywords: Tuva, Early Iron Age, early Scythian period, Aldy-Bel culture, barrow, burial in the coffin, mummy, full genome sequencing, aDNA

Information about authors: Marina Kilunovskaya (Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation). Candidate of Historical Sciences. Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Dvortsovaya Emb., 18, Saint Petersburg, 191186, Russian Federation E-mail: [email protected] Vladimir Semenov (Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation). Candidate of Historical Sciences. Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Dvortsovaya Emb., 18, Saint Petersburg, 191186, Russian Federation E-mail: [email protected] Varvara Busova  (Moscow, Russian Federation).  (Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation). Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences.  Dvortsovaya Emb., 18, Saint Petersburg, 191186, Russian Federation E-mail:  [email protected] Kharis Mustafin  (Moscow, Russian Federation). Candidate of Technical Sciences. Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology.  Institutsky Lane, 9, Dolgoprudny, 141701, Moscow Oblast, Russian Federation E-mail:  [email protected] Irina Alborova  (Moscow, Russian Federation). Candidate of Biological Sciences. Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology.  Institutsky Lane, 9, Dolgoprudny, 141701, Moscow Oblast, Russian Federation E-mail:  [email protected] Alina Matzvai  (Moscow, Russian Federation). Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology.  Institutsky Lane, 9, Dolgoprudny, 141701, Moscow Oblast, Russian Federation E-mail:  [email protected]

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• Sailboat Guide

Governor's Cup 21 (GC-21)

Governor's Cup 21 (GC-21) is a 20 ′ 11 ″ / 6.4 m monohull sailboat designed by Alan Andrews and built by Bravura Yachts Inc. starting in 2002.

Rig and Sails

Auxilary power, accomodations, calculations.

The theoretical maximum speed that a displacement hull can move efficiently through the water is determined by it's waterline length and displacement. It may be unable to reach this speed if the boat is underpowered or heavily loaded, though it may exceed this speed given enough power. Read more.

Classic hull speed formula:

Hull Speed = 1.34 x √LWL

Max Speed/Length ratio = 8.26 ÷ Displacement/Length ratio .311 Hull Speed = Max Speed/Length ratio x √LWL

Sail Area / Displacement Ratio

A measure of the power of the sails relative to the weight of the boat. The higher the number, the higher the performance, but the harder the boat will be to handle. This ratio is a "non-dimensional" value that facilitates comparisons between boats of different types and sizes. Read more.

SA/D = SA ÷ (D ÷ 64) 2/3

• SA : Sail area in square feet, derived by adding the mainsail area to 100% of the foretriangle area (the lateral area above the deck between the mast and the forestay).
• D : Displacement in pounds.

Ballast / Displacement Ratio

A measure of the stability of a boat's hull that suggests how well a monohull will stand up to its sails. The ballast displacement ratio indicates how much of the weight of a boat is placed for maximum stability against capsizing and is an indicator of stiffness and resistance to capsize.

Ballast / Displacement * 100

Displacement / Length Ratio

A measure of the weight of the boat relative to it's length at the waterline. The higher a boat’s D/L ratio, the more easily it will carry a load and the more comfortable its motion will be. The lower a boat's ratio is, the less power it takes to drive the boat to its nominal hull speed or beyond. Read more.

D/L = (D ÷ 2240) ÷ (0.01 x LWL)³

• D: Displacement of the boat in pounds.
• LWL: Waterline length in feet

Comfort Ratio

This ratio assess how quickly and abruptly a boat’s hull reacts to waves in a significant seaway, these being the elements of a boat’s motion most likely to cause seasickness. Read more.

Comfort ratio = D ÷ (.65 x (.7 LWL + .3 LOA) x Beam 1.33 )

• D: Displacement of the boat in pounds
• LOA: Length overall in feet
• Beam: Width of boat at the widest point in feet

Capsize Screening Formula

This formula attempts to indicate whether a given boat might be too wide and light to readily right itself after being overturned in extreme conditions. Read more.

CSV = Beam ÷ ³√(D / 64)

The GOVERNOR’S CUP 21 (or GC-21) was commissioned by and the first 11 were built for the Newport Balboa Sailing and Seamanship Association (NBSSA)as a match racer for the Governor’s Cup Match Racing Series, first held in California in 1967.

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Out of the Centre

Savvino-storozhevsky monastery and museum.

Zvenigorod's most famous sight is the Savvino-Storozhevsky Monastery, which was founded in 1398 by the monk Savva from the Troitse-Sergieva Lavra, at the invitation and with the support of Prince Yury Dmitrievich of Zvenigorod. Savva was later canonised as St Sabbas (Savva) of Storozhev. The monastery late flourished under the reign of Tsar Alexis, who chose the monastery as his family church and often went on pilgrimage there and made lots of donations to it. Most of the monastery’s buildings date from this time. The monastery is heavily fortified with thick walls and six towers, the most impressive of which is the Krasny Tower which also serves as the eastern entrance. The monastery was closed in 1918 and only reopened in 1995. In 1998 Patriarch Alexius II took part in a service to return the relics of St Sabbas to the monastery. Today the monastery has the status of a stauropegic monastery, which is second in status to a lavra. In addition to being a working monastery, it also holds the Zvenigorod Historical, Architectural and Art Museum.

Belfry and Neighbouring Churches

Located near the main entrance is the monastery's belfry which is perhaps the calling card of the monastery due to its uniqueness. It was built in the 1650s and the St Sergius of Radonezh’s Church was opened on the middle tier in the mid-17th century, although it was originally dedicated to the Trinity. The belfry's 35-tonne Great Bladgovestny Bell fell in 1941 and was only restored and returned in 2003. Attached to the belfry is a large refectory and the Transfiguration Church, both of which were built on the orders of Tsar Alexis in the 1650s.  

To the left of the belfry is another, smaller, refectory which is attached to the Trinity Gate-Church, which was also constructed in the 1650s on the orders of Tsar Alexis who made it his own family church. The church is elaborately decorated with colourful trims and underneath the archway is a beautiful 19th century fresco.

Nativity of Virgin Mary Cathedral

The Nativity of Virgin Mary Cathedral is the oldest building in the monastery and among the oldest buildings in the Moscow Region. It was built between 1404 and 1405 during the lifetime of St Sabbas and using the funds of Prince Yury of Zvenigorod. The white-stone cathedral is a standard four-pillar design with a single golden dome. After the death of St Sabbas he was interred in the cathedral and a new altar dedicated to him was added.

Under the reign of Tsar Alexis the cathedral was decorated with frescoes by Stepan Ryazanets, some of which remain today. Tsar Alexis also presented the cathedral with a five-tier iconostasis, the top row of icons have been preserved.

Tsaritsa's Chambers

The Nativity of Virgin Mary Cathedral is located between the Tsaritsa's Chambers of the left and the Palace of Tsar Alexis on the right. The Tsaritsa's Chambers were built in the mid-17th century for the wife of Tsar Alexey - Tsaritsa Maria Ilinichna Miloskavskaya. The design of the building is influenced by the ancient Russian architectural style. Is prettier than the Tsar's chambers opposite, being red in colour with elaborately decorated window frames and entrance.

At present the Tsaritsa's Chambers houses the Zvenigorod Historical, Architectural and Art Museum. Among its displays is an accurate recreation of the interior of a noble lady's chambers including furniture, decorations and a decorated tiled oven, and an exhibition on the history of Zvenigorod and the monastery.

Palace of Tsar Alexis

The Palace of Tsar Alexis was built in the 1650s and is now one of the best surviving examples of non-religious architecture of that era. It was built especially for Tsar Alexis who often visited the monastery on religious pilgrimages. Its most striking feature is its pretty row of nine chimney spouts which resemble towers.

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Victoria's budget shelved some big ideas from the Andrews era. It begs the question, did they ever think them through?

Analysis Victoria's budget shelved some big ideas from the Andrews era. It begs the question, did they ever think them through?

Hospitals canned. Promised kinders delayed. Mental health help halted.

Three big policies — shouted from the rooftops by former premier Daniel Andrews and his ministers Jacinta Allan and Tim Pallas — were shelved in the treasurer's 10th budget.

It begs the question: were these policies properly considered in the first place, or were they just politically expedient ideas?

The fact the state's debt needs reining in — it's still going to hit $187 billion in three years — made these three decisions easier to make.

Government insiders concede that over the past decade Labor has made grand announcements before the heavy policy work had been completed, resulting in cost blowouts and unachievable policies.

"The chickens are coming home to roost in this budget,'' one Labor figure quipped this week, reflecting concerns that Andrews and his close allies in cabinet had borrowed too much money to pay for pet projects in the past.

"It was always unsustainable."

Pallas and Allan have tried to preach fiscal responsibility this week, but burrowing down into the budget reveals spending and debt continue to increase.

Labor dismisses concerns that it is saddling future generations with debt to pay off — ignoring concerns from some economists that the ballooning debt limits its ability to provide new projects and services, or indeed borrow further in the future.

This is a budget that makes a virtue of slowing down projects and programs, without actually killing them off.

But what it has chosen to delay raises questions about what Victorian voters were promised.

It's a pattern that is familiar if you consider the Commonwealth Games debacle, where the state cancelled the games because the cost had blown out well beyond the estimates.

The state's financial watchdog later slammed the Andrews government for — wait for it — failing to do its due diligence.

But in 2022, before the true cost of the Games were known, the Andrews government were able to campaign about bringing the 2026 Games to regional Victoria.

On the eve of the last election, then-premier Daniel Andrews heralded the construction of Australia's biggest ever hospital, to be built right next to his signature train project the Metro tunnel.

It was a vision for Victorian voters of a new campus for the Royal Melbourne and Women's Hospitals at Arden, a once industrial precinct re-imagined thanks to the new train station a drop punt from North Melbourne footy club's spiritual home.

But less than two years later, the $5-6 billion plan was dumped in Tuesday's Victorian budget because electromagnetic fields from trains underneath will interfere with the specialist medical equipment.

This type of interference shouldn't have been a surprise.

The problem of interference was already well known — it was frequently raised by the major hospitals when the Metro Tunnel was being planned, and then built, under them at Parkville.

So, where was the due diligence by the government before making the Arden announcement in the heat of the 2022 state election?

The government is adamant it was aware of the issue, but says the interference once the trains began testing along the new route was higher than anticipated.

The government will still build a new hospital, but it will now be at the existing Parkville site and will cost $2.2 billion.

A spokesman said it would deliver the same standard of care, be delivered sooner and with less disruption to patients.

And there's already questions about how this year's budget sweetener, the $400 payment to parents of government school kids, will be administered.

The premier and treasurer have also swatted away questions about why the $287 million School Saving Bonus wasn't means tested.

Why do parents earning hundreds of thousands of dollars in one part of the city get the same as parents struggling to make ends meet in another?

The government's response to means testing queries is that the means test is if you send your kids to a government school.

Schools have already raised concerns about the extra work they'll have to do to administer the scheme.

There's concern among some policy hard heads that this is politics trumping good policy.

Broken promises and a growing debt

One of the big achievements of the Andrews government was the "Australian-first" Royal Commission into Mental Health.

Among its dozens of recommendations was a plan for the state to make access to clinics easier for people in their own community.

Premier Andrews embraced this idea with gusto, promising that "only Labor" would deliver 50 mental health locals — special walk-in clinics in communities — by 2026.

"This investment is critical. Its time has come. This momentum is undeniable,'' Mr Andrews said in 2021.

But that momentum has been stopped in its tracks.

On Tuesday, we learnt the government couldn't find the required workers, so it's delayed the rollout of the remaining 35 planned walk-in mental health clinics.

Was the policy properly tested in government before announced?

It's the same with the major — and popular — $9 billion reforms to kinder, announced in 2022.

The policy requires thousands of extra staff. And there were warnings at the time that it would be a real challenge to find, and retain the workforce, due to staff burnout and low pay.

"This is a comprehensive, well thought-through plan,'' Mr Andrews said, highlighting a suite of scholarships to attract and train new workers.

But Tuesday's budget delays that promise by years because it cannot find the workforce.

"It's time the Allan Labor government understands that you can't just make promises casually without the proper due diligence when there's a risk, as we've seen, that the truth catches up with you and you waste tens of millions of dollars,'' Opposition Leader John Pesutto said.

The coalition is pegging its hopes of a political comeback on Victoria's growing debt, which for all Mr Pallas' commentary about economic responsibility, continues to grow.

The opposition attacks are from its greatest hits: "Labor can't manage money".

This budget shows Victoria is going to be deeper in the red than initially forecast — to the tune of $1.1 billion.

It's also worth remembering that this year the state is $3.7 billion better off because of an increased slice of the GST pie from Canberra.

Yet, the deficit still got worse.

As for debt, it continues to grow, and is forecast to hit $187 billion in 2027-28.

The interest expense on that debt will cost $9.3 billion alone in that year, that's more than $25 million a day in interest payments.

But Labor seems unperturbed by concerns about its debt.

It sees debt as productive, as part of its plans to not only build infrastructure but to grow the economy.

Redbridge pollster and former Labor strategist Kosmos Samaras said debt didn't carry the same political baggage with voters as it did in the 1990s.

"For the majority of voters, government debt is no different from the daily fluctuations of the stock markets or the annual profit and loss reports of large companies,'' Mr Samaras said.

"It's abstract and has little relevance to their personal life. Government debt only has salience if it results in cuts to critical services, something the current government has avoided so far."

And that's something that this government is acutely aware of.

It will do everything to maintain that balance, even if it means avoiding the really tough decisions of government.

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