cavalier 32 yacht

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• Sailboat Guide

Cavalier 32

Cavalier 32 is a 31 ′ 11 ″ / 9.8 m monohull sailboat designed by Bob Salthouse and Laurie Davidson and built by Cavalier Yachts starting in 1970.

Rig and Sails

Auxilary power, accomodations, calculations.

The theoretical maximum speed that a displacement hull can move efficiently through the water is determined by it's waterline length and displacement. It may be unable to reach this speed if the boat is underpowered or heavily loaded, though it may exceed this speed given enough power. Read more.

Classic hull speed formula:

Hull Speed = 1.34 x √LWL

Max Speed/Length ratio = 8.26 ÷ Displacement/Length ratio .311 Hull Speed = Max Speed/Length ratio x √LWL

Sail Area / Displacement Ratio

A measure of the power of the sails relative to the weight of the boat. The higher the number, the higher the performance, but the harder the boat will be to handle. This ratio is a "non-dimensional" value that facilitates comparisons between boats of different types and sizes. Read more.

SA/D = SA ÷ (D ÷ 64) 2/3

• SA : Sail area in square feet, derived by adding the mainsail area to 100% of the foretriangle area (the lateral area above the deck between the mast and the forestay).
• D : Displacement in pounds.

Ballast / Displacement Ratio

A measure of the stability of a boat's hull that suggests how well a monohull will stand up to its sails. The ballast displacement ratio indicates how much of the weight of a boat is placed for maximum stability against capsizing and is an indicator of stiffness and resistance to capsize.

Ballast / Displacement * 100

Displacement / Length Ratio

A measure of the weight of the boat relative to it's length at the waterline. The higher a boat’s D/L ratio, the more easily it will carry a load and the more comfortable its motion will be. The lower a boat's ratio is, the less power it takes to drive the boat to its nominal hull speed or beyond. Read more.

D/L = (D ÷ 2240) ÷ (0.01 x LWL)³

• D: Displacement of the boat in pounds.
• LWL: Waterline length in feet

Comfort Ratio

This ratio assess how quickly and abruptly a boat’s hull reacts to waves in a significant seaway, these being the elements of a boat’s motion most likely to cause seasickness. Read more.

Comfort ratio = D ÷ (.65 x (.7 LWL + .3 LOA) x Beam 1.33 )

• D: Displacement of the boat in pounds
• LOA: Length overall in feet
• Beam: Width of boat at the widest point in feet

Capsize Screening Formula

This formula attempts to indicate whether a given boat might be too wide and light to readily right itself after being overturned in extreme conditions. Read more.

CSV = Beam ÷ ³√(D / 64)

From BlueWaterBoats.org :

The Cavalier 32, affectionately known as the “Cav32”, is perhaps the best production cruiser to be produced in New Zealand, and certainly one of the most successful. Right from the get go, when Sea Spray magazine in July 1971 took the first production boat for a sail they were impressed by both the spacious interior, berthing up to eight, and its on-the-water performance; noting it was fast, responsive, incredibly close-winded and with good acceleration.

The boat went on to compete very successfully as an ocean racer with a half ton rating, eventually finding its place among the cruising community as a comfortable and reliable blue water vessel. Many have cruised the South Pacific extensively, while others have circumnavigated.

Designed by Bob Salthouse in 1969, the prototype Cavalier 32 made its debut at the 1970 Auckland Boat Show. The concept was for a hull with high racing potential; a boat that would be satisfying to race inshore as well as offshore, yet have family-size cruising accommodation. It immediately proved popular with 14 boats sold by the time the first boat was launched in Jul 1971.

The Cavalier 32 became the first boat offered by a relatively new partnership between John Salthouse and respected boat builder Peter K. Smith. The venture was known as Cavalier Yachts, which incidentally, at its peak in the 1970s became the largest production boatbuilder in Oceania.

Shortly after its introduction the boat’s rig was revised with a shorter mast and boom to rate under the half ton racing rule. As a half tonner, the Cav32s were formidable competition that the boat stacked up many victories in the mid-70s.

The racing tradition of the Cav32 is alive and well today, each year a team of RNZYS skippers compete with the Royal Sydney Yacht Squadron aboard Cav 32s both in Auckland, NZ and Sydney, Australia. In the 30 year history there has never been a protest; in grand Kiwi-Aussie spirit, all altercations have been settled in the bar.

The boat went on to find its niche as a favorite among the cruising community. In total 99 boats were built in New Zealand before the infamous 20% “Muldoon boat tax” decimated the NZ boatbuilding industry. The molds were exported to Australia and Japan where a similar number were built.

The Australian boats sported a redesigned rig that was 1.5m taller as well as some altered layouts.

“Bullet proof”… Andrew Fagan recounts the maiden delivery voyage of Tingara in 1975, skippered by none other than builder Peter Smith himself. The boat was caught in extreme conditions passing Castlepoint; wind speeds were clocked at a sustained 100knots with gusts of 120knots. A nearby 55ft fishing boat floundered with the loss of 2 lives while Tingara, running on bare poles, was broached and rolled multiple times by breaking waves. Remarkably the rig stayed put, and the crew did not send a mayday (the radio quit), and after riding out the rough stuff, the boat made its way into Wellington harbor a little wet inside and a some staved in washboards.

Sailing Characteristics

By modern lightweight racer/cruiser standards the Cavalier 32 is considered a substantial all rounder with excellence in heavy conditions and downwind performance. Helped by it’s 50% ballast ratio, expect to hold up full canvas well after other boats have to reef.

When Sea Spray magazine tested the boat during its debut, they described the boat being particularly stiff, “when a gust hits, the boat accelerates forward and does not lay on her ear and fight to round into the wind”. They noted the boat being fast off the wind without the tendency to broach and summed it up by saying, “At all angles of sailing the boat is superb. When ghosting she carries her way and makes miles; in the fresh she is truly exhilarating”

The boat is well balanced and easy to sail and single-hand. Expect finger light steering at all times.

Boat Configuration & Layout

The Cavalier 32 has relatively modern lines for a boat conceived in the early 1970s There is a moderately racked bow tapering out to a relatively narrow beam and a powerfully shaped aft quarter, reminiscent of successful Sparkman and Stephen cruiser/racers like the S&S34. The overhangs are nicely balanced and the sheerline attractive.

Under the waterline is a fin keel drawing 5′ 6″ and a skeg hung rudder which is controlled optionally by tiller or wheel depending on the boat. There are some shoal draft examples on the market that draw 5′ 3″ and 5′ 4″.

The cockpit has space for three and is adequately protected by substantial coamings and a coachroof that is just the right height. Side decks offer easy passage. Five crew can quite happily get about the decks in sailing mode.

Up above is a masthead rig with a small high aspect ratio main and a large genoa. A handful of the earliest NZ boats had taller rigs, as did all of the Australian built boats.

Inside, the cabin feels spacious for a 32 footer of its era with 6′ 1″ of headroom. There are twin sea-going quarter berths in the space below either side of the cockpit. The galley is small and functional on port side of the boat. Refrigeration is under the port quarter berth, which can be inconvenient to access at times. Across from the galley on starboard side is a decently sized nav station.

Further forward is the saloon with settee births on either side of the keel-stepped mast which intrudes into the cabin area, not entirely the most ideal setup for liveaboard space. The saloon table on most boats can be put away by sliding it up the mast to the cabin top.

On the other side of the forward saloon bulkhead is the head which shares space with the v-berth. On some models the head is built on the saloon side of the bulkhead subtracting from saloon space but allowing for full twin berths in the V.

Various accommodation layouts were offered with up to eight berths. The interior is finished in white, mahogany trim and mahogany veneer giving an overall feel that is light and spacious.

Construction

The boat was one of the early pioneers of cored fiberglass construction. The hull is built incredibly strong with hand-laid GRP with end grain balsa coring.

The layup from the exterior moving inwards starts with the gel coat which is reinforced by 1oz matt, then followed by 10oz cloth and two layers of 2oz matt. The balsa coring is 19mm thick in the bilge and 13mm thick above the waterline. Then comes 2oz matt and 24oz woven rove which forms a strong impact resistant layer.

All through deck fittings are backed by wood and glassed over. The hull-deck join is epoxy glued, then pop riveted with Monel rivets every 6 inches and stainless steel bolts every 12 inches. The join is glassed over forming a gusset equal to the hull thickness.

Buyers Notes

The Cavalier 32 has aged well, a testament to its strong construction. Areas of interested to prospective buyers are noted below:

• The original boats built by Peter Smith of Cavalier Yachts had particular attention paid to preventing osmosis. It’s been noted that boats made later under licence may have had trouble.
• To maintain the Cav32’s exceptional close-windedness, rig tensions need to be high. Some owners have overdone these leading to fatigue. Check wire terminals, rigging screws and chainplates.
• Check mast fittings and the mast itself.
• Check joins between the hull and bulkheads for movement, especially main bulkhead.
• Check the chainplate knees. This is generally a very well engineered area, but also an area of very high stress.
• Check the rudder stock, a few boats have had wear in the rudder shaft keyway, look for loose play in the tiller.
• Leaching of zinc content of some bronze alloys in salt water is known to have shown up in some rudder stocks. Look for pinkish powder or paste on the surface.
• Yanmar YSE 12hp single cylinder diesels were commonly fitted. Though smaller than what most fit today, it has proven to have adequate power when matched with an appropriately sized prop (not the folder race prop).

There is an active market for used for Cavalier 32s in Australia and New Zealand. Expect reasonable entry prices and good resale. As of 2010 asking prices range from $35k-60k NZD. There are the occasional examples that come up on the market that are presented in “as new” condition having undergone extensive refits and priced to match in the $70k-85k range.

Links, References and Further Reading

» TradeABoat, Oct 2004 (p52-53), second-hand keelers review, “Cavalier 32, Tough & Seaworthy” by Andrew Fagan. » Boating World, Jan 1993 (p132-133), “Buying Second Hand, Cavalier 32” by John Wellsford. » Sea Spray, Jul 1971 (p27-31), Boat Test, “The Dashing Cavalier” by Staff. » Wikipedia, Cavalier Yachts

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Bluewater Sailboat – Cavalier 32

The Bluewater Sailboat Cavalier 32, often known as the “Cav32,” is maybe New Zealand’s best production cruiser, and certainly one of its most successful. When Sea Spray magazine took the first production boat out for a sail in July 1971, they were impressed by both the capacious interior, which slept up to eight people, and its on-the-water performance, noting it was fast, responsive, remarkably close-winded, and with good acceleration.

The boat went on to compete quite well as an ocean racer with a half-tonne rating, finally establishing itself as a comfortable and dependable blue seacraft among the cruising community. Many have cruised extensively in the South Pacific, while others have circumnavigated.

• LOA: 32′ 0″ (9.8m)
• LWL: 24′ 0″ (7.3m)
• Beam: 9′ 9″ (3.0m)
• Standard Draft: 5′ 4″ (1.6m)
• Displacement: 9,000 lbs (4072kg)
• Ballast: 4,570 lbs (2076 kg)
• Sail Area: 375 sq.ft. (34.85 sq.m.)
• Headroom: 6′ 1″ (1.85m)
• Engine: Various 12-20 hp
• Designer: Bob Salthouse
• Year Introduced: 1971
• Builder: Cavalier Yachts, NZ

The prototype Cavalier 32, designed by Bob Salthouse in 1969, made its debut at the 1970 Auckland Boat Show. The idea was to create a hull with significant racing potential; a boat that could be raced both inshore and offshore while yet providing family-size cruising accommodations. It was an instant success, with 14 boats sold by the time the first boat was launched in July 1971.

The Cavalier 32 was the first boat offered by a new company formed by John Salthouse and renowned boat builder Peter K. Smith. Cavalier Yachts was the name of the venture, which became the largest manufacturing boatbuilder in Oceania at its peak in the 1970s.

The boat’s rig was changed shortly after its release, with a shorter mast and boom to meet the half tonne racing rule. The Cav32s were such fierce opposition as a half tonner that the boat racked up several victories in the mid-1970s.

The Cav32 racing legacy lives on today, with a squad of RNZYS skippers competing alongside the Royal Sydney Yacht Squadron onboard Cav 32s in both Auckland, New Zealand and Sydney, Australia. There has never been a protest in the 30-year existence; all disagreements have been settled in the bar, in true Kiwi-Aussie fashion.

The yacht went on to become a popular among the cruising community. Before the infamous 20% “Muldoon boat tax” devastated the NZ boatbuilding business, 99 boats were manufactured in New Zealand. The moulds were transported to Australia and Japan, where a similar number of units were constructed.

The Australian boats had a revised rig that was 1.5m taller and various layout changes.

“Bullet proof,” writes Andrew Fagan, of Tingara’s initial delivery journey in 1975, skippered by none other than builder Peter Smith himself. The boat was caught in harsh weather when it passed Castlepoint; sustained wind speeds of 100 mph with gusts of 120 knots were recorded. A adjacent 55-foot fishing boat capsized, killing two people, while Tingara, running on bare poles, was repeatedly breached and rolled by breaking waves. The rig kept place, and the crew did not send a mayday (the radio went out), and the boat made its way into Wellington port, a bit damp inside and with some staved in washboards.

Performance

By modern lightweight racer/cruiser standards, the Bluewater Sailboat Cavalier 32 is a substantial all-arounder with exceptional performance in heavy conditions and downwind. Expect it to hold up full canvas long after other boats have to reef, thanks to its 50% ballast ratio.

The boat on its debut, noted that when a gale strikes, the boat surges ahead rather than lying on her ear and fighting to round into the wind. The boat is swift off the wind and not prone to broaching, and summed it up by adding, The boat performs admirably from every angle of sail. She carries her way and makes miles when ghosting; in the fresh, she is absolutely exciting.

This Bluewater sailboat is perfectly balanced and simple to sail and handle. At all times, expect finger-light steering.

The boat was a forerunner of cored fibreglass construction. The hull is made of extremely sturdy hand-laid GRP with end-grain balsa coring. From the outside in, the layup begins with the gel coat, which is strengthened by 1oz matt, followed by 10oz cloth and two layers of 2oz matt. In the bilge, the balsa coring is 19mm thick and 13mm thick above the waterline. Then comes a layer of 2oz matt and 24oz woven rove, which together makes a robust impact-resistant layer.

All deck fixtures are wood-backed and glassed over. The hull-deck joint is epoxy bonded, then pop riveted every 6 inches with Monel rivets and stainless steel bolts. The junction is glassed over, providing a gusset with the same thickness as the hull.

Quick Notes

The Bluewater Sailboat Cavalier 32 has held up well over time, owing to its sturdy build. Prospective buyers are most interested in the following areas:

• The initial boats built by Cavalier Yachts’ Peter Smith devoted special attention to preventing osmosis. It has been reported that boats built subsequently under licence may have had issues.
• Rig pressures must be high to preserve the Cav32’s outstanding close-windedness. Some owners have overdone it, causing weariness. Wire terminals, rigging screws, and chainplates should all be checked.
• Examine the mast fittings and the mast itself.
• Examine the joints between the hull and the bulkheads for movement, particularly the main bulkhead.
• Examine the chainplate knees. This is a well-engineered area in general, but it is also a high-stress area.
• Check the rudder stock for wear in the rudder shaft keyway, and look for loose play in the tiller.
• Leaching of zinc concentration in various bronze alloys in saline water has been observed in some rudder stocks. On the surface, look for pinkish powder or paste.
• Yanmar YSE 12hp single-cylinder diesel engines were frequently used. Despite being smaller than what is often used nowadays, it has proved to have considerable force when paired with a suitably sized prop (not the folder race prop).

Looking for a used sailboat for sale? Check out the Bluewater sailboat data and specs to make an informed decision. Ocean Wave Sail has data for over 10000+ boats that can help you select one to meet your sailing needs.

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Review of Cavalier 32

Basic specs..

The Cavalier 32 is equipped with a fin keel. The fin keel is the most common keel and provides splendid manoeuvrability. The downside is that it has less directional stability than a long keel.

The boat can enter most marinas as the draft is just about 1.68 - 1.78 meter (5.51 - 5.81 ft) dependent on the load. See immersion rate below.

The boat is typically equipped with an inboard Bukh diesel engine.

Sailing characteristics

This section covers widely used rules of thumb to describe the sailing characteristics. Please note that even though the calculations are correct, the interpretation of the results might not be valid for extreme boats.

What is Capsize Screening Formula (CSF)?

The capsize screening value for Cavalier 32 is 1.87, indicating that this boat could - if evaluated by this formula alone - be accepted to participate in ocean races.

What is Theoretical Maximum Hull Speed?

The theoretical maximal speed of a displacement boat of this length is 6.6 knots. The term "Theoretical Maximum Hull Speed" is widely used even though a boat can sail faster. The term shall be interpreted as above the theoretical speed a great additional power is necessary for a small gain in speed.

The immersion rate is defined as the weight required to sink the boat a certain level. The immersion rate for Cavalier 32 is about 145 kg/cm, alternatively 815 lbs/inch. Meaning: if you load 145 kg cargo on the boat then it will sink 1 cm. Alternatively, if you load 815 lbs cargo on the boat it will sink 1 inch.

Sailing statistics

This section is statistical comparison with similar boats of the same category. The basis of the following statistical computations is our unique database with more than 26,000 different boat types and 350,000 data points.

What is Motion Comfort Ratio (MCR)?

What is L/B (Length Beam Ratio)?

What is Displacement Length Ratio?

Maintenance

When buying anti-fouling bottom paint, it's nice to know how much to buy. The surface of the wet bottom is about 26m 2 (279 ft 2 ). Based on this, your favourite maritime shop can tell you the quantity you need.

If you need to renew parts of your running rig and is not quite sure of the dimensions, you may find the estimates computed below useful.

This section is reserved boat owner's modifications, improvements, etc. Here you might find (or contribute with) inspiration for your boat.

Do you have changes/improvements you would like to share? Upload a photo and describe what you have done.

We are always looking for new photos. If you can contribute with photos for Cavalier 32 it would be a great help.

If you have any comments to the review, improvement suggestions, or the like, feel free to contact us . Criticism helps us to improve.

Cavalier 32

The cavalier 32 is a 32.0ft masthead sloop designed by bob salthouse/laurie davidson and built in fiberglass by cavalier yachts (australia) since 1970., 170 units have been built..

The Cavalier 32 is a moderate weight sailboat which is under powered. It is very stable / stiff and has a good righting capability if capsized. It is best suited as a coastal cruiser.

Cavalier 32 for sale elsewhere on the web:

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Cavalier 32

Used yachts for sale, sail monohulls 30ft > 35ft,        cavalier boats for sale, cavalier 32 boats for sale.

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Cavalier 32

1979 Cavalier 32 now for sale with DBY Boat Sales.

The Cavalier 32, affectionately known as the Cav32, is perhaps the best production cruiser to be produced in New Zealand, and certainly one of the most successful. This 1979 model is now for sale and ready to go. A credit to the current owner, she is in great shape.

Right from the get go, when Sea Spray magazine in July 1971 took the first production boat for a sail they were impressed by both the spacious interior, berthing up to eight, and its on-the-water performance; noting it was fast, responsive, incredibly close-winded and with good acceleration.

The boat went on to compete very successfully as an ocean racer with a half ton rating, eventually finding its place among the cruising community as a comfortable and reliable blue water vessel. Many have cruised the South Pacific extensively, while others have circumnavigated.

History Designed by Bob Salthouse in 1969, the prototype Cavalier 32 made its debut at the 1970 Auckland Boat Show. The concept was for a hull with high racing potential; a boat that would be satisfying to race inshore as well as offshore, yet have family-size cruising accommodation. It immediately proved popular with 14 boats sold by the time the first boat was launched in Jul 1971.

The Cavalier 32 became the first boat offered by a relatively new partnership between John Salthouse and respected boat builder Peter K. Smith. The venture was known as Cavalier Yachts, which incidentally, at its peak in the 1970s became the largest production boatbuilder in Oceania.

Shortly after its introduction the boat’s rig was revised with a shorter mast and boom to rate under the half ton racing rule. As a half tonner, the Cav32s were formidable competition that the boat stacked up many victories in the mid-70s.

The racing tradition of the Cav32 is alive and well today, each year a team of RNZYS skippers compete with the Royal Sydney Yacht Squadron aboard Cav 32s both in Auckland, NZ and Sydney, Australia. In the 30 year history there has never been a protest; in grand Kiwi-Aussie spirit, all altercations have been settled in the bar.

Bullet proof… Andrew Fagan recounts the maiden delivery voyage of Tingara in 1975, skippered by none other than builder Peter Smith himself. The boat was caught in extreme conditions passing Castlepoint; wind speeds were clocked at a sustained 100 knots with gusts of 120knots. A nearby 55ft fishing boat floundered with the loss of 2 lives while Tingara, running on bare poles, was broached and rolled multiple times by breaking waves. Remarkably the rig stayed put, and the crew did not send a mayday (the radio quit), and after riding out the rough stuff, the boat made its way into Wellington harbour a little wet inside and some staved in washboards.

Sailing Characteristics By modern lightweight racer/cruiser standards the Cavalier 32 is considered a substantial all- rounder with excellence in heavy conditions and downwind performance. Helped by it’s 50% ballast ratio, expect to hold up full canvas well after other boats have to reef.

When Sea Spray magazine tested the boat during its debut, they described the boat being particularly stiff, “when a gust hits, the boat accelerates forward and does not lay on her ear and fight to round into the wind”. They noted the boat being fast off the wind without the tendency to broach and summed it up by saying, “At all angles of sailing the boat is superb. When ghosting she carries her way and makes miles; in the fresh she is truly exhilarating”

The boat is well balanced and easy to sail and single-hand. Expect finger-light steering at all times.

Boat Configuration & Layout The Cavalier 32 has relatively modern lines for a boat conceived in the early 1970s. There is a moderately racked bow tapering out to a relatively narrow beam and a powerfully shaped aft quarter, reminiscent of successful Sparkman and Stephen cruiser/racers like the S&S34. The overhangs are nicely balanced and the sheerline attractive.

Under the waterline is a fin keel drawing 5ft 6 inches and a skeg hung rudder which is controlled by tiller.

The cockpit has space for three and is adequately protected by substantial coamings and a coachroof that is just the right height. Side decks offer easy passage. Five crew can quite happily get about the decks in sailing mode.

Up above is a masthead rig with a small high aspect ratio main and a large genoa. A handful of the earliest NZ boats had taller rigs, as did all of the Australian built boats.

Inside, the cabin feels spacious for a 32 footer of its era with 6ft 1 inch of headroom. There are twin sea-going quarter berths in the space below either side of the cockpit. The galley is small and functional on the port side of the boat. Refrigeration is under the port quarter berth. Across from the galley on starboard side is a nice sized navigation station.

Further forward is the saloon with settee births on either side of the keel-stepped mast. The saloon table on most boats can be put away by sliding it up the mast to the cabin top.

On the other side of the forward saloon bulkhead is the head.

Accommodation layout offers up to eight berths. The interior is finished in white, mahogany trim and mahogany veneer giving an overall feel that is light and spacious. Construction The boat was one of the early pioneers of cored fiberglass construction. The hull is built incredibly strong with hand-laid GRP with end grain balsa coring.

The layup from the exterior moving inwards starts with the gel coat which is reinforced by 1oz matt, then followed by 10oz cloth and two layers of 2oz matt. The balsa coring is 19mm thick in the bilge and 13mm thick above the waterline. Then comes 2oz matt and 24oz woven rove which forms a strong impact resistant layer.

All through deck fittings are backed by wood and glassed over. The hull-deck join is epoxy glued, then pop riveted with Monel rivets every 6 inches and stainless steel bolts every 12 inches. The join is glassed over forming a gusset equal to the hull thickness. Inspections welcome.

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Cavalier 32 Boats For Sale in Australia

Found 5 listings.

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Cavalier 32

One of the highest spec Cavalier 32 that we have listed is now exclusively for sale with DBY ...

• 32' / 9.75m

Price AU $45,000 The Cavalier 32 enjoyed great success in Half Ton racing throughout the ...

• 32' 10" / 10.00m
• 1979 approx
• AU $45,000 Firm

The Cavalier is a excellent sailer. This boat has heaps of new gear, including batteries and ...

Cavalier 975

The Cavalier 975 is a well proven fast cruising yacht, built in Australia to NZ designer Bob ...

Cavalier 28

1984 Cavalier 28 for sale exclusively with DBY Boat Sales. A great example of this super ...

• 28' / 8.53m

32' Cavalier Yacht

Looking for a luxurious vessel to embark on your next adventure? Look no further than this stunning 1984 Cavalier 32' Yacht!

With a sleek and classic design, this yacht has been meticulously maintained and is in great condition. The spacious and comfortable interior boasts all the amenities you need for extended voyages, including a fully-equipped galley, cozy sleeping quarters, and a modern bathroom.

Take in the breathtaking views from the spacious deck, which offers ample space for entertaining guests or relaxing with family and friends. The yacht is also equipped with all the latest safety features, ensuring peace of mind as you are sailing.

Whether you're a seasoned sailor or a first-time yacht owner, this 1984 Cavalier 32' Yacht is the perfect vessel to explore with in style and comfort. Don't miss your chance to own this exceptional yacht - schedule a viewing today!

Always make sure the vessel is suitable for your intended use.

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Can you see yourself enjoying unlimited relaxation time on the water?

Are you buying a boat for the fun and relaxation or because you want to spoil yourself?

Then contact the most helpful attentive Brokers In Sydney and let us organise a viewing to suit your availability.

Have peace of mind knowing we are a BIA (BOATING INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION) BROKERAGE so you know you are dealing with an Accredited Licensed Broker.

Whist we try to be as accurate as possible for the descriptions we are not responsible for items, nor do we warrant any items, so we encourage you to inspect & survey the vessel.

The Unique Burial of a Child of Early Scythian Time at the Cemetery of Saryg-Bulun (Tuva)

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Pages:  379-406

In 1988, the Tuvan Archaeological Expedition (led by M. E. Kilunovskaya and V. A. Semenov) discovered a unique burial of the early Iron Age at Saryg-Bulun in Central Tuva. There are two burial mounds of the Aldy-Bel culture dated by 7th century BC. Within the barrows, which adjoined one another, forming a figure-of-eight, there were discovered 7 burials, from which a representative collection of artifacts was recovered. Burial 5 was the most unique, it was found in a coffin made of a larch trunk, with a tightly closed lid. Due to the preservative properties of larch and lack of air access, the coffin contained a well-preserved mummy of a child with an accompanying set of grave goods. The interred individual retained the skin on his face and had a leather headdress painted with red pigment and a coat, sewn from jerboa fur. The coat was belted with a leather belt with bronze ornaments and buckles. Besides that, a leather quiver with arrows with the shafts decorated with painted ornaments, fully preserved battle pick and a bow were buried in the coffin. Unexpectedly, the full-genomic analysis, showed that the individual was female. This fact opens a new aspect in the study of the social history of the Scythian society and perhaps brings us back to the myth of the Amazons, discussed by Herodotus. Of course, this discovery is unique in its preservation for the Scythian culture of Tuva and requires careful study and conservation.

Keywords: Tuva, Early Iron Age, early Scythian period, Aldy-Bel culture, barrow, burial in the coffin, mummy, full genome sequencing, aDNA

Information about authors: Marina Kilunovskaya (Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation). Candidate of Historical Sciences. Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Dvortsovaya Emb., 18, Saint Petersburg, 191186, Russian Federation E-mail: [email protected] Vladimir Semenov (Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation). Candidate of Historical Sciences. Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Dvortsovaya Emb., 18, Saint Petersburg, 191186, Russian Federation E-mail: [email protected] Varvara Busova  (Moscow, Russian Federation).  (Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation). Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences.  Dvortsovaya Emb., 18, Saint Petersburg, 191186, Russian Federation E-mail:  [email protected] Kharis Mustafin  (Moscow, Russian Federation). Candidate of Technical Sciences. Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology.  Institutsky Lane, 9, Dolgoprudny, 141701, Moscow Oblast, Russian Federation E-mail:  [email protected] Irina Alborova  (Moscow, Russian Federation). Candidate of Biological Sciences. Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology.  Institutsky Lane, 9, Dolgoprudny, 141701, Moscow Oblast, Russian Federation E-mail:  [email protected] Alina Matzvai  (Moscow, Russian Federation). Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology.  Institutsky Lane, 9, Dolgoprudny, 141701, Moscow Oblast, Russian Federation E-mail:  [email protected]

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Out of the Centre

Savvino-storozhevsky monastery and museum.

Zvenigorod's most famous sight is the Savvino-Storozhevsky Monastery, which was founded in 1398 by the monk Savva from the Troitse-Sergieva Lavra, at the invitation and with the support of Prince Yury Dmitrievich of Zvenigorod. Savva was later canonised as St Sabbas (Savva) of Storozhev. The monastery late flourished under the reign of Tsar Alexis, who chose the monastery as his family church and often went on pilgrimage there and made lots of donations to it. Most of the monastery’s buildings date from this time. The monastery is heavily fortified with thick walls and six towers, the most impressive of which is the Krasny Tower which also serves as the eastern entrance. The monastery was closed in 1918 and only reopened in 1995. In 1998 Patriarch Alexius II took part in a service to return the relics of St Sabbas to the monastery. Today the monastery has the status of a stauropegic monastery, which is second in status to a lavra. In addition to being a working monastery, it also holds the Zvenigorod Historical, Architectural and Art Museum.

Belfry and Neighbouring Churches

Located near the main entrance is the monastery's belfry which is perhaps the calling card of the monastery due to its uniqueness. It was built in the 1650s and the St Sergius of Radonezh’s Church was opened on the middle tier in the mid-17th century, although it was originally dedicated to the Trinity. The belfry's 35-tonne Great Bladgovestny Bell fell in 1941 and was only restored and returned in 2003. Attached to the belfry is a large refectory and the Transfiguration Church, both of which were built on the orders of Tsar Alexis in the 1650s.  

To the left of the belfry is another, smaller, refectory which is attached to the Trinity Gate-Church, which was also constructed in the 1650s on the orders of Tsar Alexis who made it his own family church. The church is elaborately decorated with colourful trims and underneath the archway is a beautiful 19th century fresco.

Nativity of Virgin Mary Cathedral

The Nativity of Virgin Mary Cathedral is the oldest building in the monastery and among the oldest buildings in the Moscow Region. It was built between 1404 and 1405 during the lifetime of St Sabbas and using the funds of Prince Yury of Zvenigorod. The white-stone cathedral is a standard four-pillar design with a single golden dome. After the death of St Sabbas he was interred in the cathedral and a new altar dedicated to him was added.

Under the reign of Tsar Alexis the cathedral was decorated with frescoes by Stepan Ryazanets, some of which remain today. Tsar Alexis also presented the cathedral with a five-tier iconostasis, the top row of icons have been preserved.

Tsaritsa's Chambers

The Nativity of Virgin Mary Cathedral is located between the Tsaritsa's Chambers of the left and the Palace of Tsar Alexis on the right. The Tsaritsa's Chambers were built in the mid-17th century for the wife of Tsar Alexey - Tsaritsa Maria Ilinichna Miloskavskaya. The design of the building is influenced by the ancient Russian architectural style. Is prettier than the Tsar's chambers opposite, being red in colour with elaborately decorated window frames and entrance.

At present the Tsaritsa's Chambers houses the Zvenigorod Historical, Architectural and Art Museum. Among its displays is an accurate recreation of the interior of a noble lady's chambers including furniture, decorations and a decorated tiled oven, and an exhibition on the history of Zvenigorod and the monastery.

Palace of Tsar Alexis

The Palace of Tsar Alexis was built in the 1650s and is now one of the best surviving examples of non-religious architecture of that era. It was built especially for Tsar Alexis who often visited the monastery on religious pilgrimages. Its most striking feature is its pretty row of nine chimney spouts which resemble towers.

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