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Dry vs. Wet docking : pros and cons for your boat or yacht

• August 29, 2023

Deciding where to store your boat when you’re not using it may seem like a simple decision, but it actually has major implications for the care and durability of your boat or yacht. Two of the most common options are the dry or the wet docking, both with their advantages and disadvantages. To help you make the best decision, we are going to examine the pros and cons of each option.

Dry docking

Dry docking , often located in a slipway, involves storing your boat out of the water. This type of storage can range from simple open-air structures to enclosed, climate-controlled facilities.

Pros of Dry docking:

• Protection against the elements: One of the greatest advantages of the dry dock is that it offers excellent protection against the elements. By storing your boat out of the water, you minimize exposure to saltwater corrosion and marine organisms that can adhere to the hull. Additionally, your boat or yacht will be protected from storms and extreme weather conditions that can cause significant damage, especially during hurricane or storm seasons.
• Ease of maintenance and repair: Ship maintenance and repair tasks are more accessible in a dry marina. You can easily walk around your boat, making it easy to inspect the entire structure, including the hull and waterline. This allows easy access for cleaning, painting, applying antifouling paint, and any other work necessary to repair your boat.
• Security: Shipyards, especially those that offer indoor storage such as Barcelona Nautic Center, usually have advanced security systems, such as surveillance cameras, security fences, and security personnel. This makes it more difficult for intruders to gain access to your boat and provides an additional layer of protection.

Cons of Dry docking:

• Costs: The additional services and benefits of the dry docking can come with a higher price than wet docking. Costs can vary depending on the facility, but in general, dry docking, especially indoors and heated, tends to be more expensive.
• Water Access: Although having your boat out of the water has its advantages, it also means you can’t just hop on board and set sail at any time. You will need to plan ahead and coordinate with the shipyard staff to have your boat moved into the water.

Wet docking 

As the name suggests, involves storing your boat in the water, typically at a dock or berth.

Wet docking pros:

• Convenience: The biggest advantage of the marina in water is convenience. Your boat is always ready to sail, which is ideal if you use it frequently. You won’t have to worry about moving it to and from the water every time you want to sail.
• Cost: In many cases, wet docking can be less expensive than dry docking. However, the cost may vary depending on the location of the marina and the facilities and services it offers.

Wet docking cons:

• Exposure to the Elements: By keeping your boat in the water, it is exposed to the damaging effects of salt water, which can cause corrosion and buildup of marine organisms on the hull. It is also exposed to inclement weather and sea conditions, which can accelerate wear and tear and the need for repairs.
• Maintenance and repairs: Although it is possible to perform some maintenance and repair tasks while your boat is in the water, other jobs, especially those that involve the part of the hull that is below the water line, can be more challenging. For larger jobs, such as applying antifouling paint or repairing damage to the hull, you may need to move your boat to a shipyard.

Choose the dry or wet docking?

In conclusion, both the dry and the wet docking have their advantages and disadvantages, and the choice between one or the other will depend on your individual needs and preferences. Consider factors such as cost, ease of maintenance and repair, protection from the elements, and convenience when making your decision. Whatever you choose, be sure to follow a regular maintenance and repair routine to keep your boat in the best possible condition.

And, if you have more questions, you can contact us at any time and we will advise you on the best option for your case .

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How Much Does It Cost To Dry Dock a Boat Exactly? (3 Types)

Are you a boat owner looking to give your vessel some much-needed maintenance? If so, you may need to dry dock your boat, which means you will remove it from the water and place it on land for repairs, cleaning, or storage. But exactly how much does it cost to dry dock a boat? Let's dive in and break down the costs of dry docking a boat and get some tips on how to save money without sacrificing quality.

A 20-foot sailboat costs around $200 to $500 for a month of dry docking. Pontoons measuring 20 feet cost between $200 and $600 to dry dock. For medium-sized boats, costs can vary from $1,000 to $2,000, while for large boats measuring over 40 ft., such as yachts, costs can run between $3,000 and $5,000.

Remember that dry docking is not the only option to store your boat, as you can also opt for wet slip, rack, and garage storage options. Let's compare the prices and characteristics of each of these storage options versus dry dock storage as you continue reading below.

• The exact cost of dry-docking a boat depends largely on the type of boat, whether it is a sailboat, a pontoon, or a yacht. It will also depend mostly on the size of the boat.
• Other factors that influence the overall costs of dry-docking include the duration of dry-docking, the location of the marina, the materials and types of services you need, the docking fee required in your chosen marina, and other additional costs for cleaning, repair, security, and moving your boat.
• There are other storage options that you may want to consider aside from dry-docking, such as wet slips, racks, or garage storage, and dry docking is the most expensive option, it is also the safest option for your boat.

On this page:

Dry docking costs by boat type, dry docking costs by boat length, understanding dry docking, cost factors of dry docking a boat, comparison of costs: dry docking vs other storage options, additional costs to consider, dry docking locations and their costs, how to save on dry docking costs.

Dry docking costs can vary depending on the type and length of the boat. Here's a table showing the costs of dry docking depending on boat type:

Cost of dry-docking a sailboat

Sailboats are typically smaller than yachts, so their dry docking costs are generally lower. The average cost to dry dock a sailboat is around $20 to $50 per foot of length. For example, if your sailboat is 30 feet long, you can expect to pay between $600 and $1,500 for dry-docking services.

Cost of dry-docking a yacht

Yachts are larger than sailboats and require more maintenance, so their dry docking costs are higher. The average cost to dry dock a yacht is around $50 to $100 per foot of length. So, if your yacht is 50 feet long, you can expect to pay between $2,500 and $5,000.

Cost of dry-docking a pontoon

Pontoons are smaller than yachts and sailboats, but they still require dry docking services. The average cost to dry dock a pontoon is around $10 to $30 per foot of length. For a pontoon that is 20 feet long, you can expect to pay between $200 and $600 for dry-docking services.

Dry docking your sailboat is necessary for maintaining its integrity and prolonging its lifespan. Aside from the type of boat, dry-docking rates can also vary depending on the size of your boat. Here's a table showing the dry-docking costs in terms of boat length:

Cost of dry-docking a small boat

Small boats, which are typically under 20 feet long, are the least expensive to dry dock. On average, you can expect to pay anywhere from $200 to $500 for dry-docking services for a small boat. However, keep in mind that prices can vary depending on the location and the specific services provided.

Cost of dry-docking a medium-sized boat

Medium boats, which are typically between 20 and 40 feet long, are more expensive to dry dock than small boats. On average, you can expect to pay anywhere from $1,000 to $2,000 for dry-docking services for a medium boat. Again, prices can vary depending on the location and the specific services provided.

Cost of dry-docking a large boat

Large boats, which are typically over 40 feet long, are the most expensive to dry dock. On average, you can expect to pay anywhere from $3,000 to $5,000 for dry-docking services for a large boat.

Dry docking is an essential part of maintaining your sailboat's hull and keeping it in good condition for years to come. It involves taking your boat out of the water and placing it on a dry dock for repairs, maintenance, or inspections.

The cost of dry-docking your sailboat depends on several factors, including the type and length of your boat, the location of the dry dock, and the scope of the work required. On average, you can expect to pay anywhere from $20 to $40 per foot of length for dry docking services.

Here's a breakdown of the average costs of dry docking for different types and lengths of sailboats:

When dry docking your sailboat, safety should always be a top priority. You may need to make sure that the dry dock is equipped with the proper equipment, like cranes, lifts, and straps, to safely lift and support your boat.

A good rule of thumb is to choose a dry dock that has experience working with sailboats and can provide references from previous customers. This will give you peace of mind knowing that your boat is in good hands.

In addition to safety, you might also want to have a clear understanding of the work that needs to be done on your sailboat while it's in dry dock. This can include anything from routine maintenance, like painting the hull or replacing the zincs, to major repairs, like fixing leaks or replacing damaged parts.

To ensure that you get an accurate estimate for the cost of dry-docking your sailboat, you could provide the dry dock with as much information as possible about the work that needs to be done. This will help them provide you with a more accurate quote and avoid any surprises down the line.

When it comes to dry docking your boat, the cost can vary depending on several factors, not just by boat type and length. Here are some other key cost factors to consider:

The duration of dry docking will influence the cost

The longer you need to dry dock your sailboat, the more it will cost. Some marinas charge by the day, while others offer monthly rates. Generally, the longer you stay, the lower the daily rate will be. However, you may need to keep in mind that some marinas may have a minimum stay requirement.

The location of the marina will also impact the cost of dry docking

Marinas in more popular or high-demand areas may charge more than those in less popular areas. Additionally, marinas located in areas with higher costs of living may also charge more. For example, the costs of docking in the Mediterranean are higher since it is a very popular and crowded area .

The materials and types of services you need can affect the cost of dry docking

For example, if you need your boat to be pressure washed or painted, this will add to the cost. Additionally, if you need any repairs or maintenance done while your boat is in the dry dock, this will also add to the cost.

The amount of docking fee required can add up to the costs

In addition to the cost of dry docking, you may also need to pay docking fees . These fees can vary depending on the size of your boat, the duration of your stay, and the location of the marina.

Generally, docking fees for boats under 30 feet long start at around $50 per day and $500 per month .

If you're looking for a place to store your boat, you have several options to choose from. Dry docking is one option, but there are other storage options that you may want to consider, such as the following:

Storing boat on a wet slip

A wet slip is a storage option where your boat is stored in the water. The cost of a wet slip can vary depending on the location, size of the boat, and the amenities offered by the marina.

On average, the cost of a wet slip is around $12-$15 per foot per month . So, if you have a 30-foot sailboat, you can expect to pay around $360-$450 per month for a wet slip.

Storing boat on a rack

A rack is a storage option where your boat is stored on a rack in a covered storage facility. On average, the cost of a rack is around $7-$10 per foot per month.

Storing a boat in a garage

A garage is a storage option where your boat is stored in a garage or covered storage facility. On average, the cost of a garage is around $10-$15 per foot per month.

Below is a table summarizing the costs for each storage option:

As you can see, dry docking is the most expensive option, while rack storage is the least expensive option. However, each option has its own pros and cons, so you may need to consider your needs and budget when choosing a storage option for your sailboat.

Dry docking a boat is not just about the cost of the actual dry-docking process. There are additional costs that you may need to consider when planning your budget. Here are some of the additional costs that you should keep in mind:

Additional costs for cleaning

Before you take your boat out of the water and into the dry dock, you should make sure that it is clean. If your boat is not clean, it can cause problems during the dry-docking process. You may need to pay for a professional cleaning service, or you may be able to clean your boat yourself.

Additional costs for repairs

If your boat needs repairs, you should get them done before you dry dock it. If you don't, the repairs will be more difficult and expensive to do once the boat is out of the water. You should also consider the cost of any repairs that need to be done while your boat is in the dry dock.

Additional costs for security

When your boat is in the dry dock, it is vulnerable to theft and vandalism. Try considering the cost of security measures such as cameras, alarms, and security guards.

Additional costs for a lift

You will need to pay for a lift to get your boat out of the water and into the dry dock. The cost of the lift will depend on the size and weight of your boat.

Additional costs for a trailer

If you have a trailer, you may be able to avoid the cost of a lift by using it to transport your boat to and from the dry dock. However, you should keep in mind that there may be additional costs associated with using a trailer, such as the cost of a vehicle to tow the trailer.

Also, not all sailboats are trailerable. You can read this article to know the characteristics of a "trailerable sailboat".

Additional costs for mooring/berth/anchorage

While your boat is in the dry dock, you will need to find a place to store it. You may be able to store your boat on land, but you may also need to pay for a mooring, berth, or anchorage.

Additional costs to purchase a Fender

When your boat is in the dry dock, it will be resting on blocks. You may need to purchase fenders to protect your boat from damage.

Additional costs to avail of a launch service

When you are ready to take your boat out of the dry dock and back into the water, you will need a launch service. You should consider the cost of the launch service when planning your budget.

Different locations worldwide offer different dry-docking costs. Below is a table summarizing the dry docking costs in different locations around the world:

Dry docking can be a costly process, but there are ways to save money without sacrificing quality. Here are some tips to help you save on dry docking costs:

Schedule your dry docking well in advance so that you can take advantage of early-bird discounts and avoid peak-season rates. You can also save money by bundling services, such as bottom painting and hull repairs, instead of doing them separately.

Consider alternative docking options

You can consider the use of an in-water dry dock system like the patented SeaPen. This system keeps your boat's hull dry while it's still in the water, reducing the need for costly maintenance. Another option is to use a boat lift, which can be less expensive than traditional dry docking.

Purchase your own dock

If you plan to keep your sailboat in the same area for an extended period, consider purchasing your own dock. This can be a cost-effective solution in the long run, as you won't have to pay transient mooring or liveaboard fees. Plus, you'll have the convenience of having your boat right at your fingertips.

Contact the marina directly

When booking your dry docking, try to contact the marina directly instead of going through a third-party booking service. This can often save you money, as the marina won't have to pay a commission to the booking service.

Park your boat off-season

If you don't plan to use your sailboat during the off-season, try storing it on land or in a covered dry stack facility. This can be significantly less expensive than keeping it in the water year-round.

Compare rates

Be sure to compare rates from different marinas and dry docking facilities. Rates can vary widely depending on the location, boat size, and duration of the dry docking. Don't be afraid to negotiate with the marina to get the best possible rate.

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The Ultimate Guide to Dry Docks: Types, Functions, and Essential Requirements

A dry dock is a structured area where the construction, repairs, and maintenance of merchant vessels and boats are carried out. This unique construction or arrangement allows water to be filled up in an area, also known as a lock, so vessels can be manoeuvred in and out of the area.

Once the vessel enters the dry dock, the gates are closed, and the seawater is drained out so that the hull and other parts of the ship, which have been exposed to seawater for a long time, are exposed for maintenance and repair work.

Table of Contents

Dry Dock Survey

As per SOLAS requirements, all Merchant vessels require a complete survey of the hull in a dry dock twice within a 5-year period and an intermediate survey within 36 months at the earliest.

This includes maintenance of the hull, propeller, rudder, etc. and other parts which are immersed in water and are generally inaccessible by staff when the ship is sailing

For a  passenger vessel , the bottom is to be inspected annually. Two such inspections in a period of five years must be carried out in dry dock , and the maximum interval between these inspections should be three years.

Types of Dry Dock

Different types of dry docks are used for repairing and cleaning a ship. The main ones are:

• Graving dock
• Floating dock
• Marine Rail Dock
• Marine mobile lifts

Among these, the marine mobile lifts and ship lifts are mainly used for small vessels such as recreational yachts, tugs, pilot boats, etc.

Nowadays, there are mainly two types of dry dock procedures from the above list that are used for seagoing vessels:

1) Graving Dry Dock

This type of dry dock is normally constructed on land near coastal waters. It is rectangular and made of solid concrete, with blocks, walls, and gates. The vessel is shifted inside the dry dock and rested on the blocks. After the ship is in the required position, the gate is closed, and water is removed.

Related Read:  Understanding Ship Stability During Dry Dock

In the past, the graving dry docks were constructed using stones and timber. Now, a steel and concrete enclosure is used, and a heavy steel gate is used to seal the dock to stop water ingress once the ship is standing on the blocks.

The gates can be in two parts, with each hinged to the sides and hydraulically operated, or one solid steel structure supported on a roller over the track, which can be retracted inside the dry dock walls when opening the gate.

Advantages of Graving Dry Dock

• It can accommodate vessels of bigger sizes when compared to other dry docking systems.
• It is cheaper to dry-docking a vessel of a similar size to other types.
• The graving dry dock can perform retrofitting, modification, etc., which is challenging in other types.
• Due to its location near the land, the graving dock is easily accessible for the supply of spares, machinery, and services.
• New advanced graving docks have welding, hot-work and other workshops inside the dock on an elevated surface (above the water surface when the dock is filled), giving quick access and workflow in the dock.
• Retractable ramps in new graving docks make it easy to supply spare machinery and save a lot of time and manpower to transfer them inside the dock.
• A bigger graving dock can be used to repair more than two ships at a time, and some modern graving docks have two gates at both ends, making it easier to repair and re-float the vessel independently.

Disadvantages of Graving Dry Dock

• When re-flooding the dry dock, all the machinery and equipment needs to be taken out from the dock, which takes time.
• The maintenance cost of the graving dock increases as per the age of the dock and becomes very high.
• Any problem with the dock gate will make the whole dock non-operational

• The docking and undocking process in the graving dock takes time compared to other types
• If the dock holds multiple ships for repair , the complete operation needs to be stopped if any one of the vessels needs to be taken out of the dry dock as it will require filling of water for refloating

2) Floating Dry Dock

A floating dock is in the form of a “U” structure, mainly used in salvage to carry ships that have met with an accident and are damaged to an extent that has made them unable to sail further to a coastal dock.

However, many regular sea-going, small, and mid-size vessels are now dry docking in floating docks. Several “U” type floating docks can be joined to carry a large vessel.

The ship is brought near the channel where the floating dry dock will partly submerge itself, and the ship slides inside the dock.

Once the ship is in position, the floating dock is de-ballasted to drain the water from its hollow floors and walls, which support the vessel on the blocks arranged on the dock’s floor.

A valve is provided that can be opened to fill up the chambers with water and immerse the dock so that the ship can sail out.

The water is pumped out of the chamber, allowing the dry dock to rise, exposing the underwater area of the ship for   maintenance   or carrying out the ship repairs. 

Related Read:  What is Ballasting and De-ballasting?

The floating dry dock is usually built using steel framing similar to that of seagoing vessels, with ballast tanks provided on the sides and bottom to raise and lower the dock.

Floating dry docks are commonly operated in sheltered harbours, where there are no waves or natural tidal activities.

Advantages of a Floating Dry Dock

• They can be propelled to the location of a salvage vessel near the harbour
• They are cheaper to maintain as compared to graving docks and can get a higher resalable return
• They can be installed near or away from the shore inside the harbour, making them a portable and space-saving structure without taking space of the shore facility
• The complete floating dry dock can be aft or forward trim by ballasting the dock, which further assists the ship or the damaged vessel which cannot be given a trim
• Additional mooring equipment is needed for the floating dry dock to make it stable
• The floating dry dock can be altered and increased in size in all dimensions by extensive retrofitting/ rebuilding
• They can also be split into two different floating docks independent of each other

Disadvantages of Floating Dock

• The supply of store, equipment, and manpower is usually done from one access point gangway, which makes the operation slow.
• The maintenance cost of a floating dry dock is similar to that of a ship, as the hull is submerged in saltwater.
• The floating dry dock operation will be affected if there are tides or during windy weather.
• When re-flooding the dock, all the machinery and equipment needs are to be removed, which takes time.

Blocks Of Dry Dock

The blocks inside the dry dock play a critical role in taking the ship’s load and distributing it among the blocks placed below the keel plates. Every ship has a docking manual that will provide a guide block plan approved by the Ship Classification Society.

The shipmaster/ chief officer and the dry dock master must understand the blocking plan for the particular vessel and how the ship will behave under load when resting on the blocks, including various factors that can affect the load a block takes.

The blocks are usually constructed from one material so that their stiffness is similar. If the blocks are built from different materials, the force exerted on the blocks with a smaller elasticity module will squeeze them more than the stiffer block. This can lead to damage to the block or the ship’s hull, as the force distribution will be uneven.

The most common materials used for the blocks are:

• Concrete with steel
• Timber blocks
• Timber on top and concrete at the bottom

When a timber block is added to a keel track built of blocks with concrete or steel bases, the timber block will take a much smaller load than the others.

Apart from the keel blocks, side blocks are also arranged to support the ship. They are less stiffer than the keel blocks as a stiffer side block will overload the vessel and may damage the structure. The height of the slide blocks is usually similar or more than that of the keel blocks.

Important factors which affect the loading on the dry docking blocks are:

• The initial height of the block: The block’s height is a critical factor, as the load on the individual block will be determined by the load shared by all the other blocks. If the placement and height of the blocks are according to the ship’s hull, the load distribution will be even.
• The contact area of the block: The contact area of the block with the ship’s hull determines the load distributed on the block. If the contact area of the block is smaller in size, this means the load exerted on this block will be lesser than that with a larger contact area.
• The material of the block: As stated earlier, different materials will react differently to the load exerted by the ship. Hence, the material of the block used for the keel block and the side block plays an important role in aligning the ship in the dry dock.
• Placement of the block: The blocks in the dry dock need to be arranged according to the ship’s docking plan. Many types of equipment and parts can get damaged if the block position is not altered. For example, echo sounders, anodes, etc., the blocks need to be removed so that these equipment tools have space to settle once the ship rests on them.

Choosing A Type of Dry Dock

The criteria to select a type of dry dock  for a ship depends on the following factors: 

• The size of the vessel: The graving dock accommodates larger sizes than any other type. If the shipowner/ manager has to dry dock a large oil tanker, they will go to the graving dock. The Marine railway type can be used if the vessel is about 10000 tonnes. If a boat or small yacht of up to 250 tonnes needs repair in the dock, a mobile marine lift can be used.
• The condition of the vessel: If the vessel propulsion plant is not working or some damages can make a ship immobilized, floating docks are commonly used in such a condition
• Types of repair: The choice of dry dock type also depends on the type of repair the ship wants to undergo. For the regular scheduled dry dock, a floating dock can be selected; however, if there is major retrofitting or massive parts/ machine fitting is required, the graving dock is chosen as they are usually located near the shipyard and it is easy to move the material from land to dock as compare to the floating dock.
• Schedule of the Vessel: The location and the type of the dry dock will be decided as per the current schedule of the vessel and how easy it is for the ship to reach the dock after unloading all the cargo to the last port of call
• Budget: The most critical factor in selecting the type of dry dock is the budget allotted to the ship

Related Read:  How Cost Estimation is done for Ship’s Dry Dock?

Requirements for Dry Docking

Stability is the most important requirement for getting a ship safely into a dry dock. The three important parameters which must be ensured before entering the dry dock are:

1) Adequate Initial GM:

When the ship touches the blocks, a reaction at the point of contact raises the centre of gravity “G” and reduces the metacentric height “G.M.” so that an adequate initial metacentric height is required to compensate for this.

2) Vessel to be Upright:

While entering the dock, the vessel must be upright, meaning there should be no port or starboard list when the ship touches the blocks. If the point of contact of the ship and keel blocks is outside the centre line of a vessel, it may force the ship to tip over.

3) Small or Moderate Trim Aft:

When making the ship’s keel sit on the keel block, a moderate trim aft is usually kept. As the water level in the dock lowers, the slight trim allows the stern and bow to ascend in tandem rather than simultaneously, which will reduce the load and pressure on a vessel’s hull and keel.

Related Read:  10 Types of Dry Dock Accidents That Can Occur in Ship’s Engine Room

Dry Dock Procedure

Once the ship manager selects the type of dry dock, the next step is to prepare the ship to enter the dry dock and carefully place the ship’s keel on the blocks provided on the dry dock floor. Some important points to note are:

• Make sure the ship is prepared to enter the dry dock by having the least ballast and no cargo carried on board
• If the floating dock is used, the ship’s movement will depend on the docking master’s requirements and the vessel’s condition. If the vessel is immobilized due to an accident, the floating dock will move towards it, and if the vessel is functioning correctly, it may propel inside the dock.
• Once the ship enters the dry dock, it is moored to the dock
• The docking master will inform the ship’s crew beforehand about the trim requirement they must maintain.
• Before emptying the dock, the ship and dock master must ensure that equipment like an echo-sounder or log sensor does not hit any blocks and is clear of any obstruction. For this, divers are sent to check that all such equipment is precise of the blocks
• The dock master will give the order to pump the water out from the dock, and slowly, the ship will sit on the keel  blocks
• The docking master and the ship’s crew must ensure the point of contact of the ship and keel blocks does not lie outside the centre line of a vessel as it may lead to the tumbling of the ship
• Once the ship sits on the dock, the cleaning and repairing process starts 

Related Read:  Dry Docking of Ships – Understanding Stability And Docking Plan

Duties of Ship C rew Members During Dry Docking

While dry-docking the ship, the duty of the ship’s crew (under the guidance of the chief engineer and chief officer) will be:

• To keep the ship at minimum ballast condition
• To keep the aft trim as requested by the dockmaster
• To ensure the vessel is moored by assisting the dock crew once the ship comes inside the dry dock
• To keep a check on the stability of the ship while the water is lowered in the dock
• Once the ship is sitting on the blocks, the ship’s crew will pump out the ballast
• To prepare the vessel to connect to the shore power
• Once the dry dock water is pumped out, de-ballast tanks using gravity
• Remove the drain plugs from the bottom of the ship for various tanks

Related Read:

• Checks to Perform on Ship before Coming out of the Dry Dock
• What is Extended Dry-Docking of Ships?

Drydocking is one operation that allows the ship’s crew to learn areas that cannot be explored when the ship is sailing.

It also helps the ship manager to assess the condition of the ship’s hull and the machinery which are not accessible when the ship is in water.

Bringing the ship to the dry dock is a team effort between the ship’s crew and dry dock personnel. Proper communication is the key to safely laying the ship’s keel on the keel blocks.

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About Author

Raunek Kantharia is a marine engineer turned maritime writer and entrepreneur. After a brief stint at the sea, he founded Marine Insight in 2010. Apart from managing Marine Insight, he also writes for a number of maritime magazines and websites.

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13 comments.

We have ship repair yard and we are trying to build a graving dock of 121 metres length in to in 21metres in to in breath What are the basic standard ofvsafety required and what is the minimum thickness of concrete walls required finally will a dept of 3.5 mettres be enough to dock a vessel of 8 metres draft. In balance Thanks in antipation

Personal take on building a graving dock should come from a commercial stand point, then design according to your commercial needs, the soil condition and sea bed conditions of graving dock location.

Based on the size according to your input, my guess on your target segment are tugboats, small fishing trawlers and maybe catamaran. Look at your total geographic location and see if there are expanding business opportunities such as offshore OSV potential, OSV support base and such. Otherwise it will be costly to rebuild or modify your graving dock again just to cater for missed opportunities. Similarly there is always a question of cost when how big a size is enough? The very reason why I feel your commercial requirements rules over what size of docks to build. Generally I feel your dock should cater at least 20 years of business projection.

On the size that you mentioned, seems like this project of yours is very initial stage and you are currently working on minimum information. Your depth of graving dock should not be determined by whether you can take certain vessel draft. Instead do your seismic on the sea bed and understand what are your tide movements. I have seen shipyards building docks with more depths but needs dredging periodically more than required. I have bring vessels in on 7.5 mtrs draft although the docking draft at zero tide is 5.5 mtrs, simply because I worked on high tide window of 2 to 3 mtrs.

To me ship repair is exciting and to an extend fun because it really challenges your thinking outside the norm. Keep looking and keep understanding your area, ship repair is not just the repairs per said. You can have the best and safes dock, world class facilities and effective workforce. If the ship cannot come, is effort down the drain.

Good luck and all the best.

Regards Clement See

What are the dry dock repairs under statutory / class requirements

List any three jobs usually done on the anchoring system of a ship in a dry-dock .?

Hello, I’m trying to put together a proposal for the construction of a floating dock. Is there anyway to deduce and estimate for the construction of breakwater, with a total length of 1500m.

Good Day All,

How much power is required, on average, per dock, for a typical dry dock system

Please send me a buchture of Dry Dock

A Korean shipyard named Hanjin Heavy Industries is considered one of the biggest shipyard in Asia where there shipyard is located in Subic, Philippines (Former US naval base) .

Last month, a bad news came out that the shipyard is to shutdown and requested to the bank lenders to apply for bunctiotcy.

There are about more than 2,000 employees to be displaced. In this regards, we would like to invite any investors to save more than 2,000 employees being laid off due to mismanage of the company.

If anyone would interested to take over the shipyard. Please feel free to contact me as we have hundreds of qualified welders, naval architects to support the business.

Thanks for explaining the different types of dry docks and that you mention how it’s important to consider the current schedule of the vessel to find one that is easy to reach so the ship can be unloaded. When choosing, it would probably help to hire a local company that offers dock construction services. This would be useful to figure out the best type based on your ship, schedule, and location and could also help you get quality materials that will work properly and last a long time.

How does ECDIS System affected, when a ship is already on the blocks at Dry Dock ?

What is the maximum recommended duration of a floating dock to operate in salty water before it can undergo a major maintenance before it can continue holding vessels under dry dock.

Kind Regards

sir. we have planed to make a prototype of graving dock which having flap gate for our project. can you tell me any specified area we should follow. Thank you.

Please see below which could be added to this article.

The world’s first road-transportable floating dry dock

tugdock.com

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What is a Dry Dock? 8 Things You Need to Know

Regardless of the type of vessel,  dry docking operation is required every few years. This is usually a complicated process, but a necessary procedure. It allows the vessel to be refurbished, thoroughly maintained and upgraded.

If you’ve ever been curious about dry docks and their significance, you’re in the right spot. In this article, we’ll provide a comprehensive breakdown of dry docks, their functions, and the associated processes. Keep reading to learn more.

What is a dry dock?

Dry docks originated in 200 BC and were used by the Greeks and Romans to build and repair warships.

Now, A dry dock is a specialized form of docking facility, usually located at harbors and shipyards, designed to allow ships to be partially or completely removed from the water for maintenance, repairs, and inspections.

The term can also refer to a verb, It means an action, which we call dry docking, it is the process of moving a ship out of the water and onto land.

And there is a difference between a dry dock and a normal dock. Docks are used for loading/unloading cargo and water transportation, while dry docks are mainly used for shipbuilding and overhauling due to their ability to drain water.

What is the purpose of a dry dock?

A dry dock allows us to fully assess and manage the hull and all mechanical equipment without the hindrance of seawater.

When a ship is at sea, we do not have access to the parts of the ship that are underwater, such as the underwater hull and areas that are often submerged. With drydocking, you can treat the hull of your vessel safely and stably.

Dry docking can also be used for shipbuilding – after all, you can’t build a ship directly in the water – At dry docks, we can launch the ship into the water after it has been built.

Finally, it ensures that the vessel remains in optimum condition and has an extended life cycle, and it is also a regulatory requirement for flag state and classification society certification.

How does a dry dock work?

A dry dock is typically a rectangular basin enclosed by left, right, and front walls, used to hold and work on boats. It can be filled and drained of water by a floodgate.

To keep a ship upright in a dry dock, dock managers arrange keel blocks on the floor ahead of time and adjust them according to the ship’s size. They also use side blocks to support the ship and prevent it from falling over.

Before a ship can enter a dry dock, the basin must be filled with water. This is done using pumps or by opening a caisson/gate until the water inside is level with the sea. Once the water level is safe, the ship can enter.

After the ship is in position, the gate is closed, and the water is drained so that workers can enter and start working.

What happens when a ship is in dry dock?

Dry docking a ship is a meticulous and costly process, requiring thorough coordination between shipowners, shipyards, and contractors. So, what exactly happens when a ship enters dry dock? Let’s learn the dry docking process:

• Inspections: Rigorous checks are conducted on the hull and machinery, including propellers and thrusters, to detect any signs of damage or corrosion.
• Cleaning: The hull undergoes meticulous cleaning to remove marine growth and biofouling, ensuring optimal performance upon return to the water.
• Maintenance: The hull is blasted to remove old paint and rust, followed by repainting to protect against corrosion. Other components may also undergo maintenance procedures.
• Repairs: Any identified damages, such as issues with sea chests, sea valves, or other underwater structures, are promptly addressed and rectified.
• Upgrades: Opportunities for improvement are seized, with the installation of new equipment or the modification of existing systems to enhance operational efficiency.
• Additional Renovations: Decks, lighting, flooring, and trim may undergo renovation, while upgrades to appliances, entertainment systems, and other amenities are also considered.

It’s important to highlight that all repairs and overhauls undergo scrutiny by Classification Society surveyors to ensure compliance with scheduled class items.

During dry docking, all non-essential personnel, including passengers, vacate the ship. Crew members who remain aboard receive basic wages and assist with tasks such as catering, cleaning, and security, ensuring the smooth progression of operations.

How often do ships dry dock?

The frequency of dry docking for ships is contingent upon various factors, primarily the vessel’s age and type. Here’s a breakdown of typical dry-docking intervals:

• Cargo Ships: Generally, cargo ships undergo dry docking every five years. However, older vessels may require dry docking every three years to ensure continued seaworthiness.
• Passenger Ships: According to SOLAS 1974 regulations, passenger ships must be dry-docked at least twice every five years, not more than 36 months apart, and optimally about every 2.5 years.

The duration of a ship’s stay in dry dock typically spans around two weeks, although this timeline is subject to the vessel’s specific needs. For instance, the world’s largest cruise ship” Oasis of the Seas “, took 63 days to update and amplify, with more than 2,700 contractors working simultaneously in the dry dock in Cadiz, Spain. In cases where extensive repairs are necessary, dry-docking periods may extend to several months.

Shipowners are mindful of the financial implications of dry docking, as docking a ship renders it non-profitable during the maintenance period. Hence, shipowners prefer to minimize both the frequency and duration of dry-docking operations.

To address these concerns, almost all the major classification societies offer an alternative known as the “Extended Dry-Docking” (EDD) scheme. Under this program, ships can undergo dry docking every 7.5 years by conducting In-Water Surveys through approved diving companies. However, it’s important to note that the EDD scheme does not apply to passenger ships, maintaining stringent safety standards for vessels carrying passengers.

Types of dry docks

Dry docks are available in various configurations to cater to different types of ships and specific dry docking requirements. Here are the common types:

• Graving Dry Dock :

Graving Dry Docks are solid, rectangular concrete structures located near coastal waters. They allow ships to be shifted onto land for maintenance or repair. This type is popular for accommodating larger vessels and more cost-effective for similar-sized ships‘ docking needs. While it enables quick access to required items and saves manpower, the water filling and draining processes are slow, and docking/undocking procedures are relatively sluggish.

• Floating Dock :

Shaped like a “U,” floating docks provide flexibility for various scenarios, including emergency repairs in open waters. They cater to damaged vessels unable to reach coastal docks and can handle small to mid-size vessels for routine maintenance. Constructed with steel framing and ballast tanks, floating docks can be propelled to salvage locations. Advantages include mobility, cost-effectiveness, and adjustable trim to match the vessel’s trim.

However, they require additional mooring equipment and face operational challenges during tides or windy weather. Maintenance is also higher due to exposure to seawater.

Slipways are inclined ramps or tracks facilitating the launching and retrieval of small ships or vessels onto land for maintenance, repair, or storage. They offer a cheaper alternative to traditional dry docking for ship upkeep. The process involves clearing the slipways, deploying airbags or wheel pallets, and using cranes, forklifts, or slip winches to pull the vessel out of the water. Once repairs are completed, vessels can be quickly undocked.

• Syncrolift :

Syncrolift represents a modern dry docking solution that serves as both a dry dock and a launching platform. It features a platform equipped with winches and anchor chains that can be raised and lowered vertically. When a vessel sails into the platform, it’s secured by various support elements, and the platform is lifted out of the water to dock level. This process ensures safety and efficiency in dry docking operations.

• Boat Lift :

Boat lifts are specialized equipment designed to elevate boats out of the water, keeping them suspended above the surface. Commonly used by marinas or individuals, they are suitable for small boats and yachts. Boat lifts prevent corrosion, prolong service life, and facilitate cleaning and maintenance. Mobile boat lifts offer flexibility with self-propelled functions, enabling easy transportation of small boats in ports.

How to choose a dry dock for your vessel?

Selecting the appropriate dry dock for your vessel is a critical decision that requires careful consideration to ensure a successful outcome. You need to be aware of this:

• Seek Professional Assistance: Engage a reputable maritime services company to manage your dry docking project. Their expertise can streamline the process and mitigate risks.
• Evaluate Key Factors: Consider crucial factors such as the budget, shipyard’s reputation, your vessel’s size & condition, repair types, and schedule.
• Book in Advance: Reserve a dock well in advance, preferably several months beforehand, to secure availability. Popular shipyards like CSBC Kaohsiung Shipyard, Gotaverken, and Gunsan Shipyard are preferred choices but may experience high demand.
• Choose the Right Type of Dock: Select the appropriate type of dock based on your vessel’s size and specific needs. Graving dry docks are suitable for larger vessels, while mobile ship lifts are ideal for smaller boats or yachts. Floating dry docks offer flexibility for sudden dry docking needs, while shore-based docks are preferable for major renovations or overhauls.
• Plan Schedule: Arrange your sailing route and timing carefully, ensuring that cargo is unloaded before entering the dock, and is not far from the scheduled dock. This minimizes docking time and cost.

Who is responsible for dry docking?

Determining responsibility in the dry docking process is crucial to mitigate risks and prevent unnecessary damage to the vessel. But who holds accountability in case of accidents—shipowner or the shipyard?

Typically, both the shipowner and the shipyard share responsibility for damages arising during dry docking. While the master assumes responsibility for the safety of the vessel and crew in their presence, in their absence, this responsibility shifts to the shipyard.

Today, shipyards often assign specific maintenance tasks to subcontractors via contractual agreements. For example, marine insurance company Gard has detailed the issue of liability allocation in a circular for your reference. Alternatively, you can choose to hire your own contractor to ensure transparency and accountability throughout the process.

Failure to establish clear delineations of responsibility in the contract can lead to significant complications. As a ship owner, it’s imperative to proactively manage these issues. Before dry docking, submit the vessel’s docking plan, negotiate and sign a comprehensive contract, and explicitly define responsibility for any damage incurred during repair or maintenance work.

To safeguard your interests, stipulate the maximum compensation amount in the contract and reach a mutual understanding with both the shipyard and contractors involved. Clear communication and meticulous contract management are essential to minimize risks and ensure a smooth dry docking process.

Above is the important knowledge about dry dock that we have introduced to you. OUCO stands as a premier manufacturer of marine equipment in China, with our port cranes widely utilized in renowned shipyards and dry docks across the Middle East, Europe, and the Asia-Pacific region. During dry docking periods, we assist our customers by installing and replacing winches, marine cranes, and other equipment for their ships.

Moreover, China boasts the world’s lowest dry docking costs, making it an attractive option for shipowners. If you’re considering dry docking in China, we offer valuable advice and access to a range of shipyard options. How can we assist you? Don’t hesitate to reach out with your inquiry!

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What is a Dry Dock and How Are They Used?

A dry dock, sometimes also called a lock, has been a part of the seafaring world for centuries. It has been used since the middle ages in places as diverse as England and China. While largely used for boats, it also has many practical applications in construction. Today, the dry dock is used everywhere that bodies of water exist. But, what exactly is a dry dock? And what is it used for?

What is a Dry Dock?

A dry dock is a narrow basin within a body of water. It is usually a man-made construction often featuring a gate at one or both ends. Its unique construction means that it can be filled with water and then drained. When the dock is filled, a load-- such as a boat-- can be floated in. Once the load is safely in the dock, the gates are closed and the water drained, allowing the load to settle onto dry ground. Later, the dock can be flooded again, allowing the load to be floated out.

The Fascinating History of the Dry Dock

Dry docks have been in use at least since the 11th century. In China, there is an account of a basin being dug. Massive beams supported by pillars were installed in this basin. Later, a fine dragon ship, a possession of the throne which as in need of repair, was floated into the basin. Once inside, the basin was drained and the ship came to settle on the beams where it could be repaired. The much needed repairs could not have been made while the ship was in the water. Hence, the construction of the basin.

One of the oldest dry docks still in existence was commissioned by King Henry VII of England. It was commissioned in 1495 and built at His Majesty's Naval Base, Portsmouth, where, interestingly enough, it currently contains the world's oldest standing warship, HMS Victory.

Today, some of the largest dry docks are located in Athens, Greece, Belfast Ireland and Portland, Oregon.

They Can Help You with Vessel Maintenance

These days, although the mechanisms by which the process is conducted have been updated, dry docks are used much as they were in medieval times. Vessels are floated into the dock when they are filled with water. Once the ships are inside the basin, the gates are closed and the basin is drained, making it possible to give the vessel much needed maintenance and repairs. Repairs to the hull and painting require that a ship be removed from the water. A little shoring may be a good temporary fix for a leak, but to fix your vessel properly, you will need to get it onto dry ground.

They Are Also Used in Construction

Ship maintenance is not the only use for a dry dock. Dry docks are also used in construction being done in a wet location. For example, in the Netherlands, when a large dam called the Oosterscheldekering was built, each of the 65 massive concrete pillars it required, were built in a dry dock. Each pillar weighed a staggering 18,000 tons.

A dry dock was also used in the construction of Boston's Silver Line. The Silver Line is an immersed tube tunnel. The pieces of this tube tunnel were constructed in a dry dock before being put into place. This was the next best thing to constructing them in place.

Dry docks have a long and interesting history. They are necessary for ship maintenance and repairs that cannot be performed while the ship is in the water. They can also be used for construction projects that take place in wet areas. If you own a boat or spend any time on the water, there is a good chance you have seen one.

Duncan Seawall

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Spotlight on Dry Docks: How These Important Marine Structures Support Industry

Ships, barges and water vessels serve a wide range of industries. Massive container ships support global trade and commerce. Military and law enforcement agencies use all kinds of boats. A small skiff may support search and rescue operations while enormous aircraft carriers act as floating military bases. Cruise ships take lucky passengers to unforgettable destinations, while barges assist with waste management and ferries help people make their morning commute each day. 

Building modern ships is no easy feat. Due to their complexity and sheer size, most large vessels are built in a shipyard. Shipyards are waterfront structures for building, maintaining and repairing ships. One or more of the berths within a shipyard may be a dry dock. Dry docks are built to provide a platform for ship construction or repair.

Dry docks can be flooded to allow a ship to float in and rest on a platform. Water is then pumped out or drained away from the ship to allow for maintenance, repairs or cleaning. Dry docks expose the portion of a ship’s hull that is typically underwater. If a ship were floating, divers would be required to complete work on structures like the rudder or propellers. Likewise cleaning or inspecting the hull is made easier by a dry dock. On land,  work can be completed safely and efficiently. 

In the case of new construction, a dry dock provides a protected space for the ship’s hull to be constructed. Once the hull is watertight, water can be allowed in the dry dock to lift the ship off of the platform and out into open water or to another berth while the interior of the ship is completed. There are several types of dry docks: floating dry docks, graving dry docks and vertical synchro lifts.

Let’s take a look at three types of dry docks and their uses.

Floating Dry Docks Floating dry docks are submersible. The dock is positioned under the ship beneath the waterline. The ship is carefully supported by blocks to ensure that its weight is distributed evenly. The dock is then raised to the surface with the ship above the waterline. The primary benefit of a floating dry dockis that many of these docks are mobile. Tug boats can move the ship and dock to secondary locations for repairs. 

Graving Dry Docks Graving dry docks are some of the oldest waterfront structures. They are typically built in the shape of the letter U or a rectangle. A water-impervious barrier opens and closes at the open end of the dock to allow water to flood in or to keep water out. Once a boat has floated in the dock, it is then positioned on a platform. The gate can be closed and the water can be pumped out. Once repairs are complete, water is pumped back in and the ship can once again maneuver in the water. Graving docks are commonly used for ship construction.

Vertical Synchro Lifts Vertical synchro lifts or boat lifts are structural platforms that lift and lower vertically. The platforms can be lowered beneath the waterline to allow a boat to move into position. A number of hoists work together to lift the platform and boat out of the water. Boat lifts are primarily limited to smaller vessels. However, advances in marine structural engineering have made these lifts a more modern option for increasingly large vessels.

As you can see, dry docks and shipyards are important waterfront structures. The hard work of marine engineering firms makes the construction and maintenance of ships possible. Shipbuilders are then able to support the many, many industries that depend on water vessels.

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An In-Water Dry Dock For Your Boat

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SeaPen is an alternative to traditional docking — and boat lifts — that cuts down on boat maintenance.

Here's a riddle: How do you keep your boat's hull dry but in the water at the same time? The patented SeaPen in-water dry dock system is a new way (and place) to park your boat that does just that. SeaPen was created by the Australian manufacturer Dock Pro, and is now available in North America through Solstice Docking Solutions.

This drive-on dry dock system can be simply tied to any fixed or floating dock. A high-density polyethylene frame sits at water level. Drop the rear gate using a remote-control key fob and glide your boat onto the pliable, breathable, marine-grade rope netting. Water drains through the net onto a growth-resistant liner where the Smart-Pump System detects then automatically pumps out any water. This leaves the hull dry, but still at water level. No permanently installed boat lift needed!

This innovative floating dry dock keeps your hull free from marine growth without the need for antifouling. This allows for more time on the water and less for maintenance. In addition, the 13-inch-wide frame is sturdy enough to walk on, allowing for easy cleaning, inspections, and repairs all the way around your boat. An optional aluminum walkway can be added for convenience.

SeaPen - The Dry Docking Solution

"There's a SeaPen for every size and type of boat," says Craig Freeman, sales director, explaining that 13 model sizes create "on-water garages" for center-consoles, pontoons and jet boats, and yachts ranging from 13 to 65 feet. The manufacturer claims that the entire unit requires minimal maintenance. The cost for this system starts at $12,000. SeaPen is available for purchase direct from Solstice Docking Solutions or through its dealer network.

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Everything You Should Know About Dry Docks

You’re more than likely already acquainted with regular docks. They come in many shapes and sizes to allow people to securely stop boats that are large or small right next to land. Without them, it would be difficult to enter and exit a ship, as well as move cargo onto and off of one. Docks also keep vessels from moving in the water so that they don’t get swept away or become damaged as they crash into other objects. A more specialized form of docks is dry docks. The term dry dock can actually refer both to an action and a specific structure. Dry docking is the process of moving a ship out of the water and onto land. The physical assemblies that we’re discussing here are also called dry docks. They allow people to bring ships onto land, unlike regular docks where the vessels remain floating in the water. We present everything you should know about dry docks so that you can be more prepared should you need to construct them.

What Are Dry Docks?

Dry docks mainly consist of moving components that allow the movement of vessels onto dry land. Some may incorporate pumping to displace water away from boats while others rely on pulling the ship onto the shore. In every case, dry docks have a platform that holds ships so that they don’t tip over once they’re out of the water. Most dry docks also characteristically possess walls on the left and right sides to enclose the boats that they hold and to allow access so that people can move in and out of them. The height of those walls is roughly the same, relative to the vessel, as a regular dock would be to the vessel if it was in the water.

The Purpose of Dry Docks

A question that you probably have after learning what dry docks are is why people build them. After all, they often require more complex designing than standard docks do. The reason is that dry docks fulfill a purpose that only they can serve. As with land vehicles and aircraft, water-based vessels need routine maintenance. Under normal conditions, professionals can access their inner compartments and components, as well as all the sections that stand above the water. However, the portion of a ship that lies beneath the water is exceedingly difficult to work with, since people would need to be submerged to do so. These docks eliminate this problem by removing the ships from the water where people can then perform maintenance and repairs unhindered by their surroundings.

It’s also important to note that dry docks can be useful in the initial shipbuilding process. Again, it would be quite hard and impractical to attempt to construct a vessel directly in the water. Dry docks offer one method for people to create ships and then safely launch them into the water once they’re complete.

The Different Types of Dry Docks

Dry docks exist in various forms that utilize different approaches to take ships out of the water. The following are some of the most prominent versions that you should be aware of when learning everything there is to know about dry docks.

Graving Dry Docks

Graving dry docks have been in use for a long time. They consist of basins with high walls on the back, left, and right sides. The side closest to the water has a gate. To stop inside a graving dock, a ship must navigate into its narrow space and position itself carefully so that it is aligned with blocks directly underneath it. From there, the gate closes and operators pump water out of the graving dry dock’s basin. The ship’s full weight then comes to rest on the blocks and the space is ready for people to enter and bring equipment to check the boat’s hull and make necessary repairs.

The walls of graving docks are usually made of concrete and steel. The support blocks can likewise be constructed out of concrete and steel, though stone, timber, and plastic timber are also valid options as well. Gates are commonly steel and can appear in hinged variants, with two pieces that open at the center of roller variants that consist of one piece and slide in and out of position. Graving dry docks are best for large ships and afford the most freedom for making modifications to them without the interference of water. This is because they’re located directly on the land and can have ramps that make moving materials and tools to and from them simple.

Floating Dry Docks

Floating dry docks are similar to big platforms. Their top surfaces are concave and have an overall “U” shape. This allows them to hold the rounded bottoms of vessels in place in the absence of water. The floating structures contain special compartments with valves that may contain either air or water. When a ship arrives, operators open the valves to let water into the chambers so that the floating dry dock sinks underwater. The boat then moves over the dock, at which point the dock pumps water out of the compartments again. The dock then floats above the water, bringing the ship up with it. Due to how they function, floating docks are not always directly connected to the land and may stand apart in open water near the shore. They frequently feature left and right-side walls in order to keep their platforms straight as they move up and down in the water.

Floating dry docks are mainly composed of steel. They are moveable, so they can accommodate damaged ships easier than graving dry docks. In areas where the ground is too unstable to build large graving dry docks, floating docks may be the best alternative. However, the fact that floating dry docks sit in the water means that their own maintenance can be tricky.

Slipways are designed for smaller-sized vessels. They have inclined ramps with moving trolleys that boats can sit on. Once a boat is properly aligned with the trolley in the water, the slipway can pull it up onto the land mechanically. In addition, slipways can be convenient for building new ships and launching them into the water. The slipway itself is usually made of normal paving materials like concrete, while the trolley and its tracks can be made of metal, wood, or plastic wood.

Shiplifts are advanced dry docks that have platforms that move straight up and down to raise vessels out of the water. They differ from floating docks in that they are usually directly connected to the land and use electrical and mechanical means in the form of winches to generate movement instead of flotation. Shiplifts are valuable for bringing heavy vessels that weigh around 800 to 25,000 tons out of the water, as well as submarines. Materials that you might use to create shiplifts include concrete, steel wood, steel, plastic wood, and rubber for extra cushioning on supporting blocks.

Obtain all your marine-grade lumber made of durable HDPE plastic by contacting Tangent today. Our products do not corrode or rot even when constantly exposed to water. They’re also strong enough to help guide and support vessels in dry docks.

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What does dry dock mean?

Boat owners often come across the term “dry dock” at some point in their boating journey. So, what is dry dock exactly? It refers to a facility, typically a large dock, where boats can be lifted out of the water for repairs, maintenance, or storage.

The concept of dry dock has been around for centuries, and its purpose has remained the same over time. It was originally used to build ships by being built on land and then launched into the water upon completion. Today, dry docks provide a controlled environment for maintenance and repair work on ships without the risk of damage from water.

Modern-day dry docks can be made out of concrete, metal, or wood and typically have a gate or lock system to allow water in and out. The docks are partially flooded to allow boats to be floated into the dock, after which the water is drained, leaving the boats dry and exposed.

Dry dock maintenance activities can include hull cleaning, painting, and repairs to the rudder, propeller, and keel. Boat owners may also use dry docks to store their boats for the winter or during off-seasons.

Unlike traditional marine maintenance, working on a boat in dry dock provides an easier, safer, and more convenient way to repair or maintain boats. It removes the risks and hazards associated with working on boats while in water such as drowning, damage to electrical systems, or handling slippery underwater conditions.

Dry dock refers to a facility that allows boats to be lifted out of the water to perform maintenance work, repairs, or for storage. It provides a safe and convenient environment for boat owners to carry out critical maintenance and repair tasks effectively. So, whenever you hear the term dry dock, remember that it is an opportunity to take good care of your boat.

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As Mississippi levels rise, so do concerns by river users

Rising river levels causing issues in st. paul.

It was another soggy Saturday in the metro, with teeming rains adding to river levels in the area.

“I have never seen rain and wind like this,” declared Greg Simbeck, who was strolling along Upper Landing Park in St. Paul on Saturday.    Not far away, Watergate Marina was living up to its name, with the Mississippi creeping up boat landings, even as a few hardy souls were out fishing.

“We’ve had a drought the last few years, so I accept the rain, you know?” smiled Travis Plummer, from St. Paul.

Plummer, no fair-weather fisherman himself, said the river levels are the highest he’s seen in a long time. “It’s pretty extreme,” he said. “Usually, it’s to the bottom of the culvert right there, went up about eight to nine feet.”

It wasn’t hard to find cars splashing through standing water on area roads. High levels shut down Water Street from the St. Paul Yacht Club to the marina. Fourth Street, near CHS Field, is also closed, from Willis Street to Commercial Street.

“To see it this high, just because of rainfall is crazy,” Simbeck said. “I can’t even remember just from the rain being like this.”

At Upper Landing Park, riverside walkways and access points simply disappeared.

“It’s incredible,” says Vanessa Whitney, from North St. Paul. “You can clearly see that the walkway is supposed to go down here, but we’re not able to go.” All that excess water is causing problems for Sue Rodsjo and her family’s 1966 Chris Craft boat. “Because it’s an old boat, our boat always takes on water, so it always gets a bit of a leak through the wood boards,” Rodsjo explains. Rodsjo said that when the river reaches a certain height, the power will be shut off at the dock her family uses. She said that power is needed to keep her bilge pump going and her boat dry, so a temporary move elsewhere on Friday was a necessity. “We figured it would be better to get to Stillwater than find our boat at the bottom of the Mississippi,” Rodsjo said.

After all the wet weather of the past week, is there such a thing as rain fatigue?

Plummer thinks so and he likely isn’t alone.   “It’s somewhat scary, and somewhat intriguing to me,” he noted.  “I like the storms, but I think I’ve had enough, because it seems like it’s rained every day for the last two weeks. I’m ready for it to dry out a little bit.”

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Definition of dry-dock

 (Entry 1 of 2)

transitive verb

Definition of dry dock  (Entry 2 of 2)

Examples of dry-dock in a Sentence

These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'dry-dock.' Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback about these examples.

Word History

1854, in the meaning defined above

1626, in the meaning defined above

Dictionary Entries Near dry-dock

dry distillation

Cite this Entry

“Dry-dock.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary , Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/dry-dock. Accessed 25 Jun. 2024.

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Multi-million dollar ‘Mega Dock’ opens at Charleston Safe Harbor Marina

CHARLESTON, S.C. (WCSC) - A recent addition to downtown Charleston will pave a new way for supporting maritime in the Lowcountry and beyond.

Safe Harbor Marina has opened a concrete dock, named “Mega Dock” beside the normal marina port. General manager David Isom describes the decade-long project as “one of the largest floating concrete fuel docks in the world,” costing around $30-40 million to complete.

“One-stop-shop. They take fuel, get provisions from the grocery store, shop downtown, don’t bring any cars with them. They get back on their boat and leave the next day, a whole other group moves in,” Isom says.

Isom explains visiting larger boats and yachts will send tax dollars back to Lowcountry agencies. He adds the dock itself could hold up to an estimate of 20-30 larger vessels at a time.

Safe Harbor encourages anyone interested in docking there to click here for more information.

Copyright 2024 WCSC. All rights reserved.

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Russian warships leave Havana’s port after a 5-day visit to Cuba

A fleet of Russian warships left a port in Cuba on Monday.

The nuclear-powered Russian submarine Kazan leaves the port of Havana, Cuba, Monday, June 17, 2024. A fleet of Russian warships arrived in Cuban waters last week ahead of planned military exercises in the Caribbean. (AP Photo/Ariel Ley)

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The Russian Navy’s Admiral Gorshkov frigate leaves the port of Havana, Cuba, Monday, June 17, 2024. A fleet of Russian warships arrived in Cuban waters last week ahead of planned military exercises in the Caribbean. (AP Photo/Ariel Ley)

HAVANA (AP) — A fleet of Russian warships, including a nuclear-powered submarine , left Havana’s port on Monday after a five-day visit to Cuba following planned military drills in the Atlantic Ocean. The exercise has been seen by some as a show of strength by Moscow against the backdrop of tensions as U.S. and other Western nations support Kyiv in Russia’s war on Ukraine.

The submarine, a frigate, an oil tanker and a rescue tug slowly departed from the port on Monday morning.

It’s unclear what the fleet’s next destination is or where it will dock next in the Caribbean, although U.S. officials said days ago that the vessels could possibly also stop in Venezuela.

Officials with the Biden administration said last week that they were monitoring the vessels and confirmed that they did not pose a threat to the region or indicate a transfer of missiles. Still, the United States docked a submarine , the USS Helena, at its Guantanamo Bay Naval Base in Cuba.

The American naval base, located in the southeastern part of the island about 1,000 kilometers (625 miles) from the capital of Havana, is considered by the Cuban government to be illegally occupied territory.

The nuclear-powered Russian submarine Kazan leaves the port of Havana, Cuba, Monday, June 17, 2024. (AP Photo/Ariel Ley)

Last week, the Russian ships arrived at the port after the Russian Ministry of Defense reported that the fleet successfully conducted military drills in the Atlantic Ocean, simulating a missile attack on targets that could be more than 600 kilometers (375 miles) away.

The fleet, made up of the frigate “Gorshkov,” the nuclear-powered submarine “Kazan,” the tanker “Pashin,” and the tug “Nikolai Chiker,” was received in Havana with a 21-gun salute.

Cuban President Miguel Díaz-Canel visited the frigate on Saturday and interacted with the sailors, according to a post by the president on the social media platform X, formerly known as Twitter.

Meanwhile, Cuban Deputy Foreign Minister Carlos Fernández de Cossío rejected the presence of the American submarine at Guantanamo Base, stating it was unwelcome and uninvited.

A State Department spokesperson said last week that Russia’s port calls in Cuba are “routine naval visits” and do not pose any danger .

On Thursday, a day after arriving, hundreds of people lined up to visit the frigate. The ship was also open to the public on Saturday, which is a common practice when vessels arrive at the port.

Canada’s navy patrol boat Margaret Brooke entered the Havana harbor on Friday.

• death investigation

League City police investigate death of second woman at Wharf Marina

LEAGUE CITY, Texas (KTRK) -- For the second time in a matter of weeks, League City police are investigating the death of a woman at a marina.

On Wednesday afternoon, officers were called to the Wharf Marina in the 700 block of Davis Road, where a woman was found not breathing on one of the boats docked there. It's believed the woman died of a suspected drug overdose, but the medical examiner will need to confirm her cause of death.

The woman's identity has not been released. Authorities were questioning one person.

SEE ALSO: Police suspect foul play after mom of 4 found hanged off League City dock

Just last month, neighbors discovered Giselle Salazar-Tapia's body hanging from a dock at the same location. League City police have said they suspect foul play in that case.

The 30-year-old mother of four was found partially submerged in the water. Detectives do not believe Salazar-Tapia hanged herself. Instead, they believe her body was staged to appear as though she had after she died elsewhere.

Several residents told ABC13 on Wednesday that they are scared. They said squatters at the marina had brought drugs into the area, and now two women have died in just three weeks' time.

Salazar-Tapia's cause of death has not yet been determined, and her case remains under investigation.

Police said they have two persons of interest in her case and describe them only as people who were recently the closest to her.

One of Salazar-Tapia's relatives told ABC13 her family wants to find out what happened to her and find the person or persons responsible for her death.

"My sister didn't deserve this at all. She was so kind," the relative said.

For more on this story, follow Jessica Willey on Facebook , X and Instagram .

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